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Operant Conditioning.

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Presentation on theme: "Operant Conditioning."— Presentation transcript:

1 Operant Conditioning

2 Classical vs Operant Conditioning
Classical conditioning uses reflexive behavior Operant conditioning uses voluntary behavior Ask: Is the behavior something the animal can control? Does the animal have a choice in how to behave?

3 Operant Conditioning: Rewards and Punishments
A type of learning in which the frequency of a behavior depends on the consequence that follows that behavior

4 B.F. Skinner’s Famous Experiment

5 Reinforcement/Punishment
Reinforcement - Any consequence that increases the likelihood of the behavior it follows Reinforcement is ALWAYS GOOD!!! Punishment - Any consequence that decreases the likelihood of the behavior it follows

6 Positive (+) Reinforcement
Reinforcing/Desirable Stimulus Aversive/ UnDesirable Stimulus Stimulus is presented or added to animal’s environment… Positive (+) Reinforcement Add something you DO LIKE. Behavior Increases Positive (+) Punishment Add something you DO NOT LIKE. Behavior Decreases Stimulus is removed or taken away from animal’s environment… Negative (-) Punishment TAKES AWAY something you DO LIKE. Negative (-) Reinforcement TAKES AWAY something you DO NOT LIKE.

7 Other Terms Shaping-mold a behavior
Discriminative Stimuli: cues that influence operant conditioning by indicating probable consequences of a response Resistance to extinction-when an organism continues to make a response after reinforcer has been terminated

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