1. Business Process Management
Chapter Extension 18
Business Process Management

2. Study Questions
Q1: Why do organizations need to manage business processes?
Q2: How does Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) document business processes?
Q3: How can business processes be improved?
Q4: How are processes designed using the principles of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)?
Q5: Why are XML and other SOA standards important?
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3. Q1: Why Do Organizations Need to Manage Business Processes?
Activities— Transform resources and information of one type into resources and information of another type.
Decisions—
A question that can be answered Yes or No.
Roles—
Sets of procedures
Resources— People, or facilities, or computer programs that are assigned to roles
Repository— Collection of business records
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4. Steps in Processing an Order
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5. Q1: Why Is Business Process Management Important to Organizations?
Processes that don’t work or work well
Change in technology
Change in business fundamentals:
- Market (new customer category), product lines, supply chain, company policy, company organization (merger/acquisition), globalization, business environment
Video
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6. Business Process Management (BPM) Cycle
Continuous process improvement
new model
as-is model
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7. Scope of Business Process Management
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8. COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology)
Set standard practices often used in assessment stage of BPM cycle
Information Systems Audit and Control Association
See more information
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9. How Does BPM Relate to the SDLC?
BPM is concerned with all business processes
SDLC only concerned within development of information systems
BPM is broader in scope than SDLC
BPM may be impetus to start SDLC project
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10. Q2: How Does Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) Document Business Processes?
Object Management Group (OMG)
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11. Existing Ordering Process: Swim-lane Layout
Flow or sequence of activities
Flow of messages and data
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12. Check Customer Credit Process
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13. Q3: How Can Business Processes Be Improved?
Brute-force approach: add more people or equipment to existing way of doing business
Change structure of a process without changing resource allocations
Changing structure and adding resources
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14. Revised Order Process
Add resources to credit checking and to change sequence of inventory and credit checking
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15. Service: A repeatable task a business performs
Q4: How Are Processes Designed Using Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)?
Check customer credit
Evaluate special terms request
Accept order
Reject order
Service: A repeatable task a business performs
Primary activities modeled as independent, encapsulated services and processes communicate only by requesting and responding to service requests
SOA: Standard techniques to model activity and interaction among services
An activity that conforms to SOA principles
Service-provider
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16. Service Interactions Governed by Standards
Encapsulation—places logic for a service in one place and all other services go to it for service
Constructing processes as independent and encapsulated service-providers promotes standardization, makes it easier to change processes, and makes processes more adaptable
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17. Defined Service Principle
Services defined by data they request and provide. A service-provider declares it will accept data of a particular format and return data in another format
Service providers reject improperly formatted service requests and provide only properly formatted service responses
Important because many service requestors and service providers are not human, but computer programs
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18. Portion of Revised Order Process with Shipment Schedule Checking
Check Inventory and Check Shipping Date activities modeled as independent, encapsulated services
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19. Q5: Why Are XML and Other SOA Standards Important?
Facebook applications connect to Facebook via a SOA interface
Vendors connect programmatically to Amazon.com via a SOA interface
Harley-Davidson mashup maps from Microsoft Bing via a SOA interface
You should understand nature of these standards
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20. Important SOA Standards
XML is important for SOA because it enables programs to share data in a standardized way
XML tags (metadata): Name and identify data items
XML document: Set of XML tags and data
XML schema: An XML document whose content describes the structure of other XML documents
eXtensible Markup Language (XML)
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21. Examples of XML
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22. Why Are XML and Other SOA Standards Important? (cont’d)
XML schema: XML document that describes structure of other XML documents
Any program can read schema to determine structure of XML document processing
Enables programs to share data in standardized way
Data can be passed from one service to another without problems
Important features
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23. SOAP and WSDL Standards
Protocol for exchanging messages encoded in XML
SOAP messages can be exchanged using HTTP, HTTPS, FTP
Include how metadata specifies message is to be routed, what services need to process it, how security and encryption are to be handled, etc.
SOAP is independent of any device, network, vendor, or product
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
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24. Web Services Description Language, pronounced “wiz-dəl”
WSDL
WSDL: Language that services can use to describe what they do and how other computer programs can access their features
Web Services Description Language, pronounced “wiz-dəl”
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25. Use of XML Schema Document
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26. Bottom Line
XML, SOAP, and WSDL eliminate need for proprietary SOA services designs and make it easier for programs to interact with one another, whether on same machine, same network, or in cloud
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27. Important SOA Standards
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28. Active Review
Q1: Why do organizations need to manage business processes?
Q2: How does Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) document business processes?
Q3: How can business processes be improved?
Q4: How are processes designed using the principles of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)?
Q5: Why are XML and other SOA standards important?
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

29. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America.
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Publishing as Prentice Hall