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Historical Perspectives and Advances in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research for the Treatment of Liver Diseases Chien-Wei Lee, Yu-Fan Chen, Hao-Hsiang Wu, Oscar K. Lee Gastroenterology Volume 154, Issue 1, Pages (January 2018) DOI: /j.gastro Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions
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Figure 1 Stem cell-based therapies for liver diseases. (1) MSCs modulate immuno-response and ameliorate ectopic inflammation. (2) MSCs repress fibrosis/cirrhosis in hepatic microenvironments. (3) MSCs provide trophic factors to regenerate or repair injury tissues. (4) Transplanted MSCs engraft and differentiate into hepatocytes in vivo. (5) iPSC-derived and MSC-derived functional hepatocyte-like cells substitute the damage hepatocytes. DC, dendritic cell; EV, extracellular vesicle; IDO, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; NGF, nerve growth factor; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; TGF, transforming growth factor; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; Treg, regulatory T cell. Gastroenterology , 46-56DOI: ( /j.gastro ) Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions
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