1. Chromosomes and Mitosis

2. Eukaryotic Chromosomes
Made of DNA and protein
When a cell is not dividing, chromosomes are long, thin strands of chromatin

3. Function is to pass on traits Structure of chromosome:
Sister chromatids – copied DNA
Centromere – attaches each pair of chromatids

4. Each organism has a characteristic # of chromosomes
Ex. Humans have 46 chromosomes
Sexually reproducing organisms have 2 sets of homologous chromosomes w/ same genetic info

6. Mitosis Division of nucleus Occurs in 4 stages: PMAT
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

7. Phase 1: Prophase Chromosomes become visible
Centrioles move to either side of cell
Spindle fibers form
Chromosomes attach to spindle at centromeres
Nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear
KEY WORD: PAIR

8. Phase 2: Metaphase Phase 3: Anaphase
Chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell
KEY WORD: MIDDLE
Phase 3: Anaphase
Sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes
Chromosomes move to either end of the cell
KEY WORDS: APART & AWAY

9. Mitosis is followed by cytokinesis
Phase 4: Telophase
Chromosomes uncoil
Nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes
Nucleolus reappears
KEY WORD: TWO NUCLEI
Mitosis is followed by cytokinesis
Cleavage furrow in animal cells
Cell plate in plant cells

10. Summary:
Results in 2 daughter cells which are identical to the parent cell
Form of asexual reproduction
Used for growth and repair of tissue
Unicellular organisms use it to reproduce