1. The Presidency in Action

2. The Growth of Power More power due to being an executive of one
Stronger presidents make the office stronger
President looked for leadership on most matters
Immediate and decisive action
Checks and balances used to keep a president from becoming all powerful

3. Executive Powers Enforces, carries out provisions of federal law
Execute all laws no matter what personal belief is
Day to day administration of law worked out by executive branch

4. Ordinance Power
Executive orders- directives, rules, or regulations that have the effect of law
Power arises from constitution and acts of congress
More discretion granted to president

5. Appointment power Appoints Sent to Senate for majority approval
1. Ambassadors and other diplomats
2. Cabinet members and top aids
3. heads of independent agencies
4. all federal judges
5. all officers in the armed forces
Sent to Senate for majority approval
Senatorial courtesy
Recess appointment
Only last till end of congressional term

6. Removal Power
President given power to dismiss those who are incompetent or unsuited to office
Exception to federal judges

7. Executive Privilege
President inherent power to refuse to disclose information to congress or to the federal courts
Gives ability to speak with candor
Make sure what they not become public
Court has ruled necessary for security but privilege cannot be used to prevent evidence from being heard in a criminal proceeding

8. Chief Diplomat Power to make treaties Executive Agreements
Negotiates international agreements, usually done through secretary of state
Senate approves treaties 2/3 majority
Executive Agreements
Pact between the president and head of foreign state
Don’t have to be approved
Power of recognition
Acknowledges the legal existence of a country
Show distain with other country conduct by asking them to recall ambassadors

9. Commander in Chief Commander of armed forces Dominates military policy
Making undeclared war
Military used abroad without declaration of war
Korea, Vietnam, Afghanistan and Iraq
Congressional Resolutions
Used in major conflict without declaring war

10. Legislative Powers The Veto Power Signing Statements
Go with measures to express concern about parts of them

11. Judicial Powers Reprieve- postponement of the execution of a sentence
Pardon- legal forgiveness of a crime
Presidents power to do so is absolute, except ones own impeachment
Clemency- can only be used in federal offenses
Conditional pardons
Commutation- reduce fine or length of a sentence
Amnesty- blanket pardon offered to a group of law violators