1. Political Parties
Chapter 8

2. Bell Ringer Chapter 8 – Page 249
Which party has been active the longest?
How is the Republican Party connected to the National Republican Party?
The Democrat Party has been active the longest
The Republican Party formed from the Whig Party, which was from the National Republican Party

3. The Role of Political Parties Chapter 8
Political Party: organization of citizens wanting to control government by getting their members elected to office.
Two-Party System: gov’t system where 2 parties compete for power.

4. History of Political Parties in the U.S.
Federalist Party
Led by Alexander Hamilton
Wanted a strong National Government
Supported by merchants and bankers.
Democratic-Republican Party
Led by Thomas Jefferson
Supported the Power of the States
Supported by farmers and settlers.

5. Democratic Party:
1828 from the Democratic-Republicans
Ties to the common people
Supported Andrew Jackson
Whig Party:
Organized in 1834
Opposed the policies of Andrew Jackson
Focused on Internal improvements

6. Republican Party:
Formed in 1854 by groups opposed to slavery.
Abraham Lincoln: First Republican President in 1860
Abolitionists: those opposed to slavery
Remained the majority party from the Civil War in the 1860s until the Great Depression of the 1930s.

7. Rise of the Democrats
Franklin D. Roosevelt:
Democrat - elected President in 1932
New Deal Program - Great Depression.
Died in his Fourth Term in office
Democrats ruled for 28 of the next 36 years.

8. Essential Question?
Why did Political parties develop in the United States?
People have different ideas about how the country should be run
How taxes should be spent
What part gov’t should play in people’s lives

9. Bell Ringer November 2, 2018
What type of party is the Libertarian Party? (Page 251)
Single Issue
Ideology based
Leader centered
Hint: The Libertarian Party believes in limited government & has run in every presidential campaign since 1972

10. Third Parties Progressive, or “Bull Moose” Party:
Formed by Theodore Roosevelt in1912 when he didn’t win the Republican nomination.
Caused the Republicans (Taft) to lose that year to Democrat Woodrow Wilson

11. Green Party: Ralph Nader won many votes that probably would have gone to Al Gore, helping George W. Bush win.
Ross Perot: % of the vote helping Bill Clinton win by taking votes away from George H.W. Bush.

12. Democratic Party : federal government should take responsibility social programs, such as aid to the poor.
Democrats support tax increases to pay for these programs and more likely to support labor unions.

13. Republicans: support reducing the power of the federal government.
They believe that state and local governments, as well as private organizations, like churches, should take responsibility for social programs

14. Platform: a statement of the party’s official stand on major public issues.
The platform is made up of planks, position statements on each specific issue in a party’s platform. (women’s rights, gay rights, taxes, economy, pro-choice/pro-life, death penalty, healthcare, entitlements)

15. Essential Question
What is the importance of third parties in American politics?
Promoted unpopular ideas
Influenced major elections

16. Bell Ringer November 1, 2017 Chart Skills – page 255
Who directs the work of each level of the party?
What do you think is one important task of the national committee?
Chairperson
It organizes the work of the congressional and senatorial campaign committees

17. How Parties are Organized
Parties help government at the local, state, and national level.
Parties nominate, or name candidates to run for public office.

18. Individual members at the local level are the most important part of any party.
Each community is divided into precincts, or voting districts of around 1000 voters.

19. Direct Primary: voters choose candidates to represent party in a general election.
Closed: only a Republican could vote in a Republican Primary
Open: anyone can vote in either primary

20. Every four years, each party holds a National Convention, writing the party platform and nominating their candidate for President.

21. The system in which party leaders perform favors for loyal supporters of the party is called Patronage.

22. 40%of people vote a straight ticket, or a ballot cast for all the candidates of one party.
Many people now vote a split ticket, the practice of voting for candidates of more than one party on the same ballot.

23. Essential Question How are political parties organized?
National Parties
State parties.
Local parties

24. Bell Ringer November 2, 2017 Cartoon Analysis – Page 256
What does the cartoon show?
What is the cartoonist, Thomas Nast, suggesting?
What does the caption mean?
Large man bursting out of a small jailhouse
That Tweed is too powerful to stay in jail and that dishonest government officials will help him get out.
The caption suggest that Boss Tweed answers to no one and does whatever he wants.

25. Review Chapter 8
A statement of a Political Parties core beliefs on the issues is called its:
Platform
What kind of party system does the US have?
Two-Party System
The Libertarian Party would be an example of :
Third Party

26. In the 1850s, the Republican Party was formed to end
Slavery
The first two political parties in the US were the Federalists &
Democrat-Republicans
A Third Party Candidate that ran for president in 1992
Ross Perot

27. The Constitution set up two political parties for the U.S.
False
Which Party, since the 1980s, has won more support from the Southern States?
Republicans
When did the Democrats begin gaining solid support?
Great Depression - FDR

28. If enough voters sign on a petition, then a Third Party Candidate can get on a
Ballot
Grass Root Movement:
A political movement that begins with the people
Party Plank:
Individual issues on a party’s platform

29. Political Machine:
Organization so strong that its candidates win elections year after year.
What is one role for the Party NOT in power
Act as watchdog over party in power
The Democrats & Republicans became chief rivals in what decade?
1850s

30. Caucus:
Meeting of a state or local party
Precinct:
Geographic area containing a certain number of voters
Political Petition:
Procedure by unaffiliated candidates to get their name on a ballot

31. Political Machine:
Strong political organizations whose candidates win year after year
Direct Primary:
Election in which the party’s voters choose the candidates who will run in the general election.