1. Ch 7.2 Polarity and VSEPR Theory

2. Polar Covalent Bond:  electrons are shared unevenly between atoms creating a slightly +/- situation​
Symbol that means “slightly”
Oxygen has 8 protons so there is more pull of e- towards Oxygen.

3. Nonpolar Covalent Bond:
Electrons are evenly shared between atoms.  ​

4. How to tell if a bond is Polar, Non-polar, or Ionic?
Electronegativities!
Find the difference in electronegativity values.
Difference in Electronegativities
Non-Polar
Covalent
0.4
1.7
Ionic
Polar Covalent
Note: Only covalent bonds are either polar or non-polar.

5. DO NOT NEED TO MEMORIZE

6. Learning Check
Find the difference in electronegativities, then determine whether it is a polar covalent, non-polar covalent, or an ionic bond.
EN values Difference Type of Bond
KCl K=0.9 Cl= Ionic
H H= Non Polar Covalent
H H= O= Polar Covalent
NaCl Na= Cl= Ionic
PH P= 2.0 H= Non Polar Covalent

7. VSEPR Theory
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory -Electron pairs in a compound will repel each other to achieve the most stable “shape.”
***We are NOT MEMORIZING the shapes for this class. Only the CONCEPT of VSEPR theory.