1. CHARACTERISTICS
A relative degree of lightness and darkness in a design element
White is the highest or lightest value, while black is the lowest or darkest value

2. FUNCTIONS
Is used to describe objects, shapes, and space; creates contrast
Help create form and show distance
Also used to create the illusion of space (atmospheric perspective); areas with high value contrast come forward while those with low value contrast recede into the distance.

3. Low values contrast = subtle: feels calm, quiet
High value contrast = drama & conflict

4. The greater the difference in value between the object and it’s background, the greater the Contrast. Value is a very powerful tool when creating the look and feel of a design.

5. High value or high-key image, illustrate lightness, airy and friendly space
Low value or low key image, illustrates drama with vibrant whites