1. Chapter 1: Small Islands – Big Horizons
Main Developments in British History

2. First Settlement to Queen Elizabeth I (pp. 9-20)
A Peoples of the British Isles
B Political Development
C The Renaissance

3. A.1 Peoples of the British Isles
No records of the first hunter-gatherers
First agricultural society, builders of Stonehenge
Celtic and Gaelic settlers by first century
Roman contact

4. A.2 Peoples of the British Isles
Romans occupy southern England
Anglo-Saxon tribes then move in after Romans withdraw
Viking settle in north and east
1066, William the Conqueror brings French culture

5. B.1 Political Development
Many Celtic and Gaelic kingdoms before Romans
Roman province of Britannia unites southern England
Anglo-Saxon kingdoms established after Roman withdrawal
Anglo-Saxon King Alfred unites England in 866

6. B.2 Political Development
Vikings establish colonies in north and east (Danelaw)
William the Conqueror establishes strong central government
Magna Carta limits powers of King John in 1215
Start of House of Lords and Commons

7. C.1 The Renaissance Anglo-Saxon and French cultures merge
English power extended to Ireland and Scotland
Henry VIII breaks with Roman Catholic Church
“Bloody” Mary attempts to re-establish Catholicism

8. C.2 The Renaissance Elizabeth I practices religious toleration
Flowering of literature; Shakespeare, Raleigh, Sydney
Mary, Queen of Scots, beheaded
1588: England defeats the Spanish Armada