1. Bone Growth, Diseases, and Fractures

2. Formation of Bones Called ossification
Can then grow longitudinally and horizonatally

3. Endochondral Ossification
Shaped cartilage is replaced by bone as a child grows older

4. Bone Development Cartilage bone forms
Periosteum surrounds it and the cartilage beings to break down
Spongy bone is created
Compact bone replaces the spongy bone
Spongy bone reforms within compact bone

5. Epiphyseal Plate Growth Plate
Band of cartilage that allows for continued growth

6. Natural Bone Deterioration
As the body ages the bones and cartilage deteriorates

7. Osteoporosis Disease where bone break down prematurely
Causes bones to break more easily

8. Arthritis Inflammation of the joints
Cartilage, tendons, and joints becomes less flexible and decreases the range of motion

9. Scoliosis
Abnormal curving of the spine which makes it appear in a ‘c’ or ‘s’ shape instead of a straight line

10. Types of Bone Fractures

11. Hairline Fracture
Fine, fracture that does not completely break the bone

12. Simple Fracture Also known as a closed fracture
A break without a puncture to the skin

13. Spiral Fracture
When the bone is severely twisted

14. Greenstick Fractures Incomplete breaks
Often occurs in children because they have softer bones than adults

15. Compression Fractures
When a bone breaks due to increased pressure

16. Comminuted Fracture
Bone is crushed to the point that it becomes fragmented

17. Compound Fracture Also known as an open fracture
When the bone is pushed through the skin
Deep tissues have the ability to be exposed to bacteria and infection can occur

18. How a Bone Heals Bone breaks and severs the blood vessels
Blood clots and forms a fracture hematoma
Helps stabilize the bone and line it up for mending
Fracture hematoma is strengthened and becomes a soft callus
Strengthens further into a bone callus
Bone callus is replaced with harder compact bone