1. ……….in the mitochondria
AEROBIC RESPIRATION
……….in the mitochondria

2. Mitochondria
The mitochondria are organelles (found in eukaryotic cells) which specialize in the production of large quantities of ATP
Processes cannot proceed without oxygen (aerobic)
Three stages:
Pyruvate Oxidation
Kreb’s Cycle
Electron Transport Chain

3. Mitochondria
Possess a double membrane composed of a smooth outer membrane and a highly folded inner membrane
The folds of the inner membrane are called cristae, which have numerous substances (proteins, enzymes, etc.) embedded in its phospholipid bilayer

4. Mitochondria
The inner membrane also creates two compartments which play a critical role in aerobic respiration
The Mitochondrial Matrix: a protein rich liquid that fills the innermost space of the mitochondria
The Intermembrane Space: a fluid filled space that lies between the inner and outer membrane

5. Pyruvate Oxidation
The two pyruvate molecules formed in glycolysis are transported into the mitochondria (via a transport protein) where a multi-enzyme complex catalyzes the following three changes:
Low energy carboxyl group is removed from pyruvate as CO2 (the enzyme responsible is called pyruvate decarboxylase)
The remaining 2-carbon portion is oxidized by NAD+, therefore NAD+ gets reduced to NADH. The 2 carbon molecule becomes (acetate) acetic acid.
A sulfur containing compound called coenzyme A is attached to the acetate forming acetyl CoA

6. Stage Two: Pyruvate Oxidation
decarboxylation 2. dehydrogenation 3. reaction with coenzyme A to
produce acetyl-CoA

7. Overall Equation
2 pyruvate + 2NAD+ + 2CoA  2 acetyl CoA + 2NADH + 2CO2
enter the Kreb’s Cycle
proceed to Stage 4 (ETC & Chemiosmosis)
to produce ATP by oxidative phosphorylation
diffuse out of mitochondrion
and out of cell as waste

8. Homework Section 4.1 p. 169-170 Section 4.2 p. 174-175
Know this stuff!! 