1. Myers’ Psychology for AP*
David G. Myers
PowerPoint Presentation Slides
by Kent Korek
Germantown High School
Worth Publishers, © 2010
*AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.

2. Do Now Take out Your summer homework including:
Phineas Gage Book
Answers to Phineas Gage Qustions
Summaries for at least 8 Psychological Studies
You may use YOUR summer work (but not the book or studies packet) to complete the quiz.
When you finish, begin reading over the syllabus

3. Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

4. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
True or False?
Many things that happen to us leave no record in memory
True: Most of the information around us never reaches memory, and what does reach memory often gets distorted
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 4

5. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
True or False?
You are born with all the brain cells you will ever have
False: Recent research shows that some parts of the brain continue producing new cells throughout life
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 5

6. True or False? Both center patches are the same shade of gray
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

7. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

8. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
True: The patch on the right appeared darker due to perceptual contrast with its background
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

9. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
True: The patch on the right appeared darker due to perceptual contrast with its background
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

10. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
True or False?
Intelligence is a purely genetic trait that does not change throughout a person’s life
False: Intelligence is the result of both heredity and environment, and may change throughout your life
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 6

11. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
True or False?
The most common form of mental disorder occurs in 30% of the population
True: Depression, the single most common disorder, may affect up to a third of the population at some point in their lives
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 7

12. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
True or False?
Repeated exposure to the same face leads us to like it less
False: Familiar people (and their faces) are generally liked more than less familiar people
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 7

13. What Is Psychology – and What Is It Not?
Psychology is a broad field, with many specialties, but fundamentally, psychology is the science of behavior and mental processes
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

14. What Is Psychology – and What Is It Not?
Psychology – The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Psychology is not
Mere speculation about human nature
A body of folk wisdom about people that “everybody knows” to be true
Dr. Phil 
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 8

15. Syllabus
Textbook & Materials
Grading, Grade Scales, & Homework

16. History & Approaches
Partner Timeline Project

17. Timeline Philosophy & Science Wilhelm Wundt Edward Titchener
Introspection
First psyc lab
Edward Titchener
Structuralism
William James
Functionalism

18. Timeline G. Stanley Hall Mary Calkins Margaret Washburn Dorthia Dix
First American psyc lab
Founded APA
Mary Calkins
First female president of APA
Margaret Washburn
First female Ph.D
Dorthia Dix
Advocated for humane treatment of mentally ill

19. Timeline Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic Behaviorism Humanism
Sigmund Freud
Behaviorism
John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
B.F.Skinner
Humanism
Carl Rogers
Abraham Maslow

20. Psychology’s Subfields
Psychometrics
Basic Research
Developmental psychology
Educational psychology
Personality psychology
Social psychology
Cognitive Psychology

21. Psychology’s Subfields
Applied Research
Industrial/organizational psychology
Human factors psychology
Counseling psychology
Clinical psychology
Psychiatry

22. Tips for Studying Psychology
SQ3R
Study Tips
Distribute your study time
Learn to think critically
In class, listen actively
Overlearn
Be a smart test-taker

23. The End

24. Definition Slides

25. Empiricism
= the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation.

26. Structuralism
= an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind.

27. Functionalism
= a school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function – how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish.

28. Experimental Psychology
= the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method.

29. Behaviorism
= the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes.
Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2).

30. Humanistic Psychology
= historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual’s potential for personal growth.

31. Cognitive Neuroscience
= the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language).

32. Psychology
= the science of behavior and mental processes.

33. Nature-Nurture Issue
= the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors.
Today’s science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture.

34. Natural Selection
= the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations.

35. Levels of Analysis
= the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon.

36. Biopsychosocial Approach
= an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis.

37. Biological Psychology
= a branch of psychology that studies the links between biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics) and psychological processes.

38. Evolutionary Psychology
= the study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection.

39. Psychodynamic Psychology
= a branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders.

40. Behavioral Psychology
= the scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning.

41. Cognitive Psychology
= the scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.

42. Social-Cultural Psychology
= the study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking.

43. Psychometrics
= the scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits.

44. Basic Research
= pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base.

45. Developmental Psychology
= the scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span.

46. Educational Psychology
= the study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning.

47. Personality Psychology
= the study of an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.

48. Social Psychology
= the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.

49. Applied Research
= scientific study that aims to solve practical problems.

50. Industrial-Organizational (I/O) Psychology
= the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces.

51. Human Factors Psychology
= the study of how people and machines interact resulting in the design of machines and environments.

52. Counseling Psychology
= a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, and marriage) and in achieving greater well-being.

53. Clinical Psychology
= a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders.

54. Psychiatry
= a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy.

55. SQ3R
= a study method incorporating five steps; Survey, Question, Read, Rehearse, Review.