1. Chapter Nine
NetWare-Based
Networking

2. Chapter Objectives
Identify the advantages of using the NetWare network operating system
Describe NetWare’s server hardware requirements
Describe Netware’s memory, directory structure, and file system architectures
Plan for and perform a simple NetWare server installation
Explain how NetWare integrates with other networking operating systems

3. Introduction to NetWare
In 1983, Novell introduced its NetWare network operating system
Versions 3.1 and 3.1—collectively known as NetWare 3.x—were introduced in the early 1990s
Versions 4.0, 4.1, and 4.11—collectively known as NetWare 4.x—were introduced in the mid-1990s
NetWare 4.11 is sometimes referred to as IntraNetWare

4. Introduction to NetWare
Selecting a network operating system
Is it compatible with existing infrastructure?
Will it provide the security required by the network’s resources?
Can the technical staff manage it effectively?
Will existing applications run smoothly on it?

5. Introduction to NetWare
Selecting a network operating system (cont.)
Will it accommodate future growth (that is, is it scalable)?
Does it support additional services the network’s users require?
How much does it cost?
What type of sort can be expected from the vendor?

6. Advantages of NetWare
Novell provides extensive online support from its support Web site
NetWare is optimal for file and print sharing
NetWare offers native interoperability solutions for Macintosh-, DOS-, Windows-, OS/2-, and UNIX-based systems

7. Drawbacks of NetWare
If there is a heavy dependence on enterprise-wide Microsoft solutions, consider forgoing a NetWare purchase
If the technical staff prefer or demand a simple graphical interface, Windows NT Server may be a better choice
NetWare’s graphical interfaces are less responsive or less intuitive than Microsoft’s graphical interface

8. NetWare Server Hardware
TABLE 9-1 Minimum hardware requirements for NetWare 4.x and 5.0 servers

9. Determining the Optimal Hardware for a Server
How many clients will connect to the server?
What kind of applications will run on the server?
How much storage space will each user need?
How much down time is acceptable?
What can the organization afford?

10. Determining the Optimal Hardware for a Server
When considering NetWare, note the number of NetWare loadable modules (NLMs) used by each service
NLMs are routines that enable the server to run a range of programs and offer a variety of services

11. A Closer Look at the NetWare Operating System
Multiprocessing
In versions 4.x and higher, NetWare supports the use of as many as 32 processors on one server
Takes advantage of symmetric multiprocessing
To use NetWare 5.0’s multiprocessing capabilities, simply install multiple processors in the server

12. NetWare’s Memory Model
Whereas NetWare 4.x can use only physical memory, NetWare 5.0 can work with both virtual memory and physical memory
Protected mode
Runs services in a separate memory area from the operating system
Caching
Process of saving frequently used data to an area of the physical memory where it will be readily available for future purposes

13. The Kernel and Console Operations
Core of the operating system
Server console
Network administrator’s primary interface to a NetWare server
Monitor
Enables the system administrator to view server parameters such as protocols, bindings, system resources, and loaded modules. Also allows the system administrator to modify these parameters.

14. The Kernel and Console Operations
FIGURE 9-1 NetWare console screen at the Monitor menu

15. The NetWare File System
Compression
NetWare 4.x and 5.0 both support file compression
NetWare versions 4.x and 5.0 differ slightly in their default compression services
Compression does increase file access time slightly; for this reason it is not recommended for extremely large files

16. Block Suballocation
Technique for using hard disk space more efficiently
Block
Unit of disk space
FIGURE 9-2 Block suballocation

17. NetWare Directory Services (NDS)
System for managing multiple servers and their resources
Object
Resource in an NDS tree, the logical representation of resources in a NetWare enterprise
FIGURE 9-3 Simple NDS tree

18. Container Objects Hierarchical arrangement of branches
Also called organizational units
FIGURE 9-4 Two ways of grouping objects in an NDS tree

19. Leaf Object Object in the NDS tree that does not contain other objects
FIGURE 9-5 More complex NDS tree

20. Context Kind of road map for finding an object in an NDS tree
Consists of an object’s organizational unit names plus the organization name
May be expressed in typeful or typeless notation

21. Context Schema Typeful Typeless
Way of denoting an object’s context in which the Organization and Organizational Unit designators are included
Typeless
Way of denoting an object’s context in which the Organization and Organizational Unit designators are omitted
Schema
The collection of objects (such as user or printer) and their attributes in an NDS tree

22. NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)
FIGURE 9-6 NWAdmin interface

23. Planning for Installation
Where does the server fit in the NDS tree?
What name will the server have?
How many and what kinds of network adapter cards will the server use?
What protocols and network services should the server use?
What kind of disk controller does the server have?

24. Planning for Installation
How many, how large, and what kind of volumes will the server require?
What additional services will the server support?
In a simple installation, the most popular installation options are already chosen
In custom installation, it’s possible to determine which services and programs are installed
What kind of licenses do I have?
How can I remember all of this information?

25. Performing a Simple NetWare 4.11 Installation
Make sure the server has a bootable DOS partition at least 15 MB in size and that it has at least 100MB of free space available
Insert the NetWare 4.11 installation CD
At the CD-ROM DOS prompt, type install
Move the cursor to Select this line to install in English, then press Enter
Read the NetWare terms and continue

26. Performing a Simple NetWare 4.11 Installation
In Select the Type of Installation box, choose NetWare Server Installation, then press Enter
Choose NetWare 4.11, then press Enter
Choose Simple Installation of NetWare 4.11, then press Enter
For guidance on valid server names, press F1 to view the Help text
When ready to continue, press the Escape key
Type the server name, the press Enter

27. Performing a Simple NetWare 4.11 Installation
If prompt appears asking whether to install symmetrical multiprocessing support, choose No
Install program searches for the server’s disk controllers and, if it recognizes them, installs the drivers
Choose the driver that matches the server’s NIC and press Enter
Press Enter to accept default values for LAN driver setting options
If not installing additional LAN drivers, choose No

28. Performing a Simple NetWare 4.11 Installation
After verifying the listed driver for the hard disk and the NIC driver are correct, choose Continue Installation, then press Enter
If the program asks whether it should delete all nonbootable partitions, select Yes, then press Enter
If the program does not find an existing NDS tree, highlight Yes, this is the first server, then press Enter
Highlight the time zone server will be installed in, then press Enter

29. Performing a Simple NetWare 4.11 Installation
Type the organization’s name, then press Enter
Enter the administrator’s password, then press Enter
Enter the password again to confirm it, then press Enter
Press Enter to confirm the organization’s name and context selected
Insert diskette, shipped with software, then press Enter

30. Performing a Simple NetWare 4.11 Installation
Remove the license diskette and store it in a safe place
Once all NetWare files have been copied to the SYS volume, choose Continue Installation, then press Enter
To exit installation program, press Enter
Restart the server

31. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)
To create objects in the NDS tree
To manage the NDS tree through NWAdmin, must have administration rights
Launch the following executable file from your server’s SYS volume: PUBLIC\WIN32\NWADMN32.EXE
If NWAdmin screen does not display NDS tree by default, specify the tree by choosing View on the menu bar, then choosing Set Context
Enter [ROOT] in the context field, then click OK

32. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)
FIGURE 9-7 NetWare Administrator window

33. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)
Double-click the root object
To create an organization, right-click the root object, then choose Create
Scroll down the list of objects, highlight Organization, then click OK
Enter the Organization name then click Create
To create an object inside the organization, right-click the Organization, then choose Create

34. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)
The program displays a list of objects to choose to create within the Organization
To create an Organizational Unit beneath your Organization, select the Organizational Unit object, then click OK
Enter the name of the Organizational Unit, then click Create
To create a user belonging to the Organizational Unit, right-click the Organizational Unit, then choose Create
Press U to select the User object

35. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)
Press Enter to create a User object
Click OK after entering the user’s ID and last name in the Create User dialog box appears
FIGURE 9-8 Create User dialog box

36. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)
To modify the properties of a User object through NWAdmin
Right-click the User object whose properties you want to modify, then choose Details from the menu that appears
To modify the user’s password, click the Password Restrictions button in the object’s Properties dialog box
Change the properties as instructed by the properties dialog box

37. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)
FIGURE 9-9 Password Restrictions window

38. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)
To delete an NDS object through NWAdmin
Right-click the object, then choose Delete from the menu
Click Yes to confirm the deletion

39. Internetworking with Other Operating Systems
NDS for NT
Tool that works with NetWare 4.x and 5.0 operating systems and Windows NT servers to enable Windows NT domains to appear as container objects in NWAdmin

40. Chapter Summary Currently several versions of NetWare exist
To determine the NetWare server’s requirements, consider the number of NetWare loadable modules (NLMs) used by each service
Add components to a NetWare server to enhance its fault tolerance and performance

41. Chapter Summary
In versions 4.x and higher, NetWare supports as many as 32 processors on one server and uses symmetric multiprocessing
Whereas NetWare4.x can use only physical memory, NetWare 5.0 can use both physical and virtual memory
Novell allows network administrators to adjust the server’s use of memory in a number of ways

42. Chapter Summary
At the heart of NetWare lies the kernel, or core of the operating system
The network administrator’s primary interface to a NetWare server is the server console
Hundreds of NLMs are available for NetWare operating system

43. Chapter Summary
NetWare’s high-performance file system supports DOS, Macintosh, UNIX, OS/2, and Windows’ long filenames
Before inserting the NetWare CD for installation of the operating system, consider the many factors the system will have
NWAdmin is a graphical interface that runs from Windows 95 or Windows NT workstation and enables network administrators to manage NDS objects