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CHAPTER 8 VOCAB
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Type of cell division used by organisms to grow bigger, repair injuries, and replace worn out cells.
Condition in which a cell has grown so large its DNA is unable to keep up with the demand for information mitosis DNA Overload
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2 identical arms that make up a chromosome
chromatids 2 matching chromosomes that are the same size, same shape, and carry genes for the same traits. HOMOLOGOUS
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Molecules that control the cell
cyclins Spot in the center of a chromosome that holds the chromatid arms together centromere
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Pinched in place in an animal cell membrane during cytokinesis
Phase of mitosis in which two nuclei are visible, the nucleus returns, spindle fibers disappear, and DNA spreads out as chromatin telophase Pinched in place in an animal cell membrane during cytokinesis Cleavage furrow
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Type of division used by bacteria to reproduce
Type of nuclear division that produces 2 daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell mitosis Type of division used by bacteria to reproduce Binary fission
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Phase in which the cytoplasm is split between the 2 daughter cells
cytokinesis 1st phase of mitosis in which the nucleus disappears and centrioles and spindle fibers appear. prophase
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Repeating sequence of events that
Disease in which body cells lose their ability to control cell division cancer Repeating sequence of events that cells go through during their lifetime Cell cycle
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Phase in which the nucleus divides
mitosis Phase in which cells grow and mature and where they spend most of their life G1
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Substance that causes cancer
Area next to the nucleus in which the centrioles are found that organizes the formation of the spindle centrosomes Substance that causes cancer carcinogen
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Phase in which the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
metaphase Phase in which cells make the molecules and organelles needed for cell division G2
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Phase in which the DNA is copied
S or SYNTHESIS Phase in which cells leave the cycle and stop dividing all together G0
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Phase in which chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
anaphase Fibers made of microtubules which pull the chromosomes apart during cell division Spindle fibers
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DNA that is spread out in the nucleus of a non-dividing cell
Dividing wall that forms during cytokinesis in a plant cell to separate the 2 daughter cells Cell plate DNA that is spread out in the nucleus of a non-dividing cell chromatin
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DNA that is scrunched up into bundles in a dividing cell
chromosomes Dark spot in the nucleus of a cell that makes ribosomes nucleolus
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