1. AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY CH. 7 CLASS NOTES
Policy Responses to
Demographic Changes

2. National Population Policies
1. EXPANSIVE POPULATION POLICIES-
Raise Natural Increase Rate
Encourage larger families

3. BABY BOOM – Individuals born in USA 1946-1964.
Peace, Stability, Education, Jobs (Men)
BABY BUST – In 1960s & 70s fertility rates dropped as women from Baby Boom Generation sought higher education & competitive jobs

4. 2. EUGENIC POPULATION POLICIES –
Favor one racial / cultural sector of population
Nazi Germany – “The Final Solution”

5. 3. Restrictive Population Policies
Legislation / programs to reduce Natural Increase Rate
Restrict large families
Restrict gov’t services

6. CHINA
Under Mao Zedong, Communist Chinese Society encouraged large families (until 1976)
1979 – China’s One Child Policy

7. Some Rules Forced families to register births
After 1 child – forced to use contraception
If 2nd child born – one parent had to be sterilized

8. Reactions
PEOPLE (farming families need bodies to farm, so they defy the gov’t)
Kept pregnant women out of sight
Did not register births
Dodged gov’t inspectors

9. GOV’T ( harsh consequences on people who violated rules )
Fired from jobs
Land taken away
Women arrested and under forced abortion
In first 6 years – 70 million abortions
In 1980s – 20 million people sterilized annually (3:1 women to men)

10. USA Immigration Laws USA 1882 – Chinese Exclusion Act
Designed to restrict Chinese immigrants to USA
1924 – National Origins Act
European Immigration shifts from N. Europe to SE Europe
Act set up QUOTA SYSTEM limiting number of immigrants per country

12. Paul Ehrlich – USA The Population Bomb (1968)
“A cancer is an uncontrolled multiplication of cells; the population explosion is an uncontrolled multiplication of people. Treating only the symptoms of cancer may make the victim more comfortable at first, but eventually he dies - often horribly. A similar fate awaits a world with a population explosion if only the symptoms are treated. We must shift our efforts from treatment of the symptoms to the cutting out of the cancer. The operation will demand many apparent brutal and heartless decisions. The pain may be intense. But the disease is so far advanced that only with radical surgery does the patient have a chance to survive.”

13. International POP Policies
Difficult to reach Agreement on
Religious Ideologies
Gov’t goals / relations