1. Planning, Assessment & Analysis
MODULE 2 UNIT 2
Planning, Assessment & Analysis
Instructor Notes

2. Unit 2 Learning Objective
At the completion of this unit the student will be able to conduct planning exercises including assessments and analysis of information and intelligence about potential targets.
Scope of Unit
This unit of training will serve as a guide to the Performance – Offensive
responder for the ability to conduct planning, assessments and analysis of
threats to the public and infrastructure.
Learning Objectives
At the completion of this unit the student will be able to conduct planning
exercises along with conduct assessments and analysis of information and
intelligence about potential targets.
Instructor Notes

3. Student Performance Objectives
Know how to conduct risk analysis and assessments for hazardous materials and WMD agents and materials for on-scene situations and for preplanning potential terrorist targets in the local community.
Be aware of any potential targets for possible attack by persons using WMD agents or HazMat materials. Know preplans to be used in his/her department’s emergency response plan for these locations.
Demonstrate skill and knowledge in preparing hazard and risk analysis of potential WMD targets in the local community. Be able to assess the potential for direct threats and collateral damage, including effect of flammable fuels, explosive materials, and mass casualties. Be able to coordinate with other agencies how best to use available resources in developing preplans for potential attacks using WMD agents.

4. Student Performance Objectives (cont.)
Participate with other local emergency response organizations in joint training exercises or drills involving selected specialized tasks or WMD mock agents.
Participate in a joint training exercise or drill with other emergency response organizations that are expected to participate in responding to a potential WMD event in the local area.
Understand fully the role and jurisdictions of Federal agencies. Coordinate and assist in conducting a criminal investigation of the potential WMD event.
Be able to implement the department’s emergency response plan, as well as the local and regional emergency response plan. Know how to access local assets to help with the on-scene resolution of the WMD event.

5. Student Performance Objectives (cont.)
Know how to coordinate the development of an Incident Action Plan, in conjunction with the on-scene incident commander that is consistent with the department and the local emergency response plan procedures and practices. Be able to implement the Incident Action Plan, including how to address special on-the-scene hazards.
Know how to develop an Incident Action Plan in coordination with the on-scene incident commander or leadership team under the Unified Command System. Ensure that the Incident Action Plan is consistent with the department’s emergency response plan.
Coordinate with the incident commander the development and implementation of an Incident Action Plan to protect and treat victims and to control and mitigate on-scene hazards.

6. Student Performance Objectives (cont.)
Be able to implement the department’s emergency response plan, as well as the local and regional emergency response plan. Know how to access local assets to help with the on-scene resolution of the WMD event.
Know how to coordinate the development of an Incident Action Plan, in conjunction with the on-scene incident commander that is consistent with the department and the local emergency response plan procedures and practices. Be able to implement the Incident Action Plan, including how to address special on-the-scene hazards.
Know how to develop an Incident Action Plan in coordination with the on-scene incident commander or leadership team under the Unified Command System. Ensure that the Incident Action Plan is consistent with the department’s emergency response plan.
Coordinate with the incident commander the development and implementation of an Incident Action Plan to protect and treat victims and to control and mitigate on-scene hazards.

7. Risk Analysis
A process or methodology used to evaluate the potential harm that may be caused by the inadvertent or purposeful release of a hazardous substance.
(INSTRUCTOR NOTE - Quiz Question 1)
A process or methodology used to evaluate the potential harm that may be caused by the inadvertent or purposeful release of a hazardous substance or material outside of its containment.
The harm may be to humans, property and/or the environment and determined by and ranked by the use of probabilities.
Risk analysis is the act of testing and analyzing the operational security of your area of responsibility. As was discussed in the appendix of the Ohio Operations / Performance – Defensive manual there was a section about operational security also known as “OPS-SEC”. By knowing your security levels you are able to make an assessment as to the amount of exposure you have to risk should there be a release of a hazard to humans, property and/or the environment.
Instructor Notes

8. Target Analysis
Target analysis is the examination of potential targets to determine which one would have the most desirable effect by terrorists or criminals.
(INSTRUCTOR NOTE - Quiz Question 2)
Target analysis is the examination of potential targets to determine which one would have the most desirable effect by terrorists or criminals.
Target analysis is tied to the risk assessment because if there has been an assessment made to show a large impact of life, property or environmental damage then that would be high on the target analysis list.
Planners will typically categorize targets based on their risk. This target analysis
will provide information to local authorities so they can devise protective plans for
these targets with increased risk.
When preparing a target analysis it is important to remember to use local
intelligence along with national and international intelligence. An example of this
would be schools. While there may not be a worldwide threat to your particular
school by international terrorists, there might be a local component that could
produce just as devastating repercussions if targeted.
KEEP YOUR ENVIRONMENTS IN PERSPECTIVE !
Not all threats are from an international criminal.
Instructor Notes

9. Threat Assessment
Threat assessments are the formal evaluations of the degree of threat to any place, person or event and identifying the nature of that threat.
(INSTRUCTOR NOTE - Quiz Question 4)
Threat assessments are the formal evaluations of the degree of threat to any place, person or event and identifying the nature of that threat.
Components of threat assessment include type of adversary, tactics, and capabilities (number in the group, weapons, equipment, and transportation mode). Also, information is needed about the threat to estimate the likelihood that they might attempt the undesired events.
Threat assessments are usually made after a large amount of intelligence has
been compiled along with risk assessments and target analysis to determine the
potential capability of the opponent and the potential of achieving a desire affect
by their actions.
EXAMPLE: An example of this might be a governmental agency that handles
taxes and has been receiving threatening letters from a group of ambiguous
disenchanted people. Since people are inclined to use any number of methods
for attack and the letters of increased hostility would lend proof to the assessor
that this particular agency is at an increase risk of attack and the threat
assessment would be made based on intelligence and the assumption of their
capability.
Why is it important to me as a Performance – Offensive Technician?
Since you are the best trained with the most knowledge of mitigating hazardous
threats then you are by default the best people to call upon to perform threat
assessments. You are aware of the potential outcomes and physical dynamics
of WMD threats and that is needed when performing a threat assessment.
Instructor Notes

10. Collateral Damage
Collateral damage is the damage and destruction of targets or personnel not considered as part of the target.
Typical Causes are
Explosive Release
Flammable Release
Mass Casualties
Collateral damage is the damage and destruction of targets or personnel not
considered as part of the target. Typically a target will have collateral damage to
areas adjacent to the target because of the inability to deliver a precise strike to
the target. In terms of terrorism, collateral damage are those areas that will be
affected by an assault on a target.
An example of this is the World Trade Center and the buildings that were
adjacent to the towers. It is worth noting that while terrorists and criminals have
a target in mind, there is nothing to accept collateral damage as a successful
attack because it obtains the goal of destruction.
(INSTRUCTOR NOTE – Quiz Question 5)
Explosives – The natural tendency of explosives is to create an
uncontrolled release of energy that will propel shrapnel and fragmentation
from the blast. These hazards are very hard to predict even under the
most controlled circumstance. When a terrorist or criminal is looking to
deploy an explosive device they will have very little concern for the
increased probability of collateral damage.
Flammables – The characteristics of flammables are less energetic than
explosives but that is little consolation for their deadly possibilities.
Flammables will create an increase probability of collateral damage
because they will burn uncontrolled spreading to other areas outside of
the target if they are not mitigated.
Mass Casualties – As with any type of collateral damage there is a high
probability of mass casualties because of the target being selected for it’s
ability to affect people and property. Mass casualties are a huge concern
for responders and planners alike because most morgues can not handle
the amount of mass casualties that a disaster could provide. Be alert to
the fact that if there is a deployment of a WMD that there will most likely
be a large number of collateral casualties as a result.
Instructor Notes

11. Preplanning Emergency Response Plans Local Emergency Response Plans
Evacuation Plans
Incident Action Plans
IAP and Unified Command

12. Emergency Response Plan
Emergency response plans are a written document that sets forth the tasks or actions that are to be taken once an emergency incident is reported to have occurred.
Emergency response plans are a written document that sets forth the tasks or
actions that are to be taken once an emergency incident is reported to have
occurred. The emergency response plan will usually contain contingency plans
for the various types of emergencies that are anticipated to be encountered.
All States, Counties, Cities, Towns, Facilities, and Homes should have in place
an emergency response plan. This is an essential document for maintaining
control of an incident because it has planned for contingencies that can be used
during the incident.
Questions to ask
Some but not all questions that should be asked when putting together an Emergency Response Plan are:
Who in the organization has authority to speak to members of the press on behalf of the employee if something newsworthy occurs, and what information should be disclosed or, rather, kept private?
Where should employees assemble in the event the business office becomes inhabitable as a result of an occurrence?
To whom should employees report if employees are forced to suddenly vacate the employer's business?
Which employees are charged with the responsibility of contacting co-workers with instructions on returning to work following an occurrence?
What are the employer's pay policies in the event an occurrence stops production or service at the workplace?
What company property requires protection in the event of an emergency, and which employees are charged with the responsibility of carrying out protective procedures?
What should a single employee do if confronted by a person the employee believes may harm him or her?
What areas of the company's facilities are "safe" in the event a dangerous situation arises?
Who in the organization should interface with employees' family members in the event an employee is seriously injured or killed in a workplace incident?[1]
Elements of an Emergency Response Plan
Pre emergency planning
Personnel roles, lines of authority and communications
Emergency recognition and prevention
Safe distances and places of refuge
Site security and control
Evacuation routes and procedures
Decontamination procedures
Emergency medical treatment and first aid
Emergency alerting and response procedures
Critique of response and follow-up
Personal protective equipment and emergency equipment
Site topography, layout and prevailing weather conditions
Reporting procedures
[1] BankersOnline.com, Emergency Response Plans Posted 10/4/01
Instructor Notes

13. Incident Action Plan
An incident action plan (IAP) is a plan developed at the field response level, which contains objectives reflecting the overall incident strategy and specific tactical actions, and supporting information for the next on-scene operational period. The plan may be oral or written.
(INSTRUCTOR NOTE – Quiz Question 10)
An incident action plan (IAP) is a plan developed at the field response level, which contains objectives reflecting the overall incident strategy and specific tactical actions, and supporting information for the next on-scene operational period. The plan may be oral or written.
The ICS form 201 (See Appendix) is the initial forms for the Incident Commander to fill out that starts the incident action plan. This is essential because this sets the stage for how the incident will be addressed and mitigated. There will be more discussion on the ICS forms in Unit 5 of this module.
The IAP should be consistent with the operations procedures of the emergency responders involved and should reflect the procedures of the emergency response plan for the area in which the emergency exists. Special on scene hazards are typically addressed in the IAP because there will need to be skilled personnel to deal with that particular hazard.
Instructor Notes

14. Working with Unified Command
In ICS, Unified Command (UC) is a unified team effort which allows all agencies with responsibility for the incident, either geographical or functional, to manage an incident by establishing a common set of incident objectives and strategies.
In ICS, Unified Command (UC) is a unified team effort which allows all agencies with responsibility for the incident, either geographical or functional, to manage an incident by establishing a common set of incident objectives and strategies. This is accomplished without losing or abdicating agency authority, responsibility or accountability. Typically ICS is used in the early stages of an incident, but if it growths substantially larger then the unified command is created at the top to manage the overall incident. Unified Command will be discussed in detail in Incident Action Plans should be able to be implemented whether the command structure is ICS or UC. The functionality of the IAP within the UC is accomplished by making sure that the IAP follows the Emergency Response Plan and does not violate any of the responding agency normal operating procedures. More times than not this is accomplished by having a pre-incident understanding of the “do’s and don’ts” of responding agencies that would be called for mutual aid.
NOTE: It is very important for agencies to be familiar with their surrounding mutual aid responders so the IAP does not conflict with the protocols that govern normal operations of those responding agencies.
Instructor Notes

15. Coordinated Training, Exercises and Drills

16. Allow 10 - 15 minutes and then review the answers.
Unit 2 Quiz
Allow minutes and then review the answers.
Instructor Notes

17. Questions GIVE THE CLASS A 10 MINUTE BREAK.
Start next unit after break.
Instructor Notes