1. CHAPTER 14 Forging the National Economy, 1790–1860

2. Theme #1
The importance of the West grew in the early nineteenth century. Cheap land attracted immigrants and natives alike, and, after some technological innovations, the West became an agricultural giant. The increased output also spurred transportation developments to tie this developing region to the rest of the United States.

3. Inventions Agricultural Innovation (1st Industrial Rev)
Cyrus McCormick, John Deere
Communication and Transportation Innovation (American System)
Samuel F. B. Morse
Lancaster Turnpike
Pony Express
Erie Canal

4. Transportation revolution’s effect on the Western Frontier: the landscape, the people, the American Indians
Discussion Question: What is the general affect of transportation expansion into the West?

5. The Wildness of the West
George Caitlin, Ralph Waldo Emerson, James Fenimore Cooper, Herman Melville
Fredrick Jackson Turner’s Frontier Thesis
Discussion Question: How did they portray the West? Who’s interpretation is the most accurate? Why?

6. Theme #2
In the era of Jacksonian democracy, the American population grew rapidly and changed in character. More people lived in the raw West and in the expanding cities, and immigrant groups like the Irish and Germans added their labor power to America’s economy, sometimes arousing hostility from native-born Americans in the process.

7. New Immigrants “Black Forties” (Irish) Forty-Eighters (Germans)
Discussion Question: What was the effect of immigrants on the West ?

8. Response from American-born citizens
Nativism
Gangs of New York – Nativists vs. Irish Immigrants
William the Butcher and the Democratic political machine in NYC
Movie Trailer Ending
Discussion Question: What was the effect of immigrants on the East (North)? What was the effect of immigrants in the South?

9. Theme #3
In the early nineteenth century, the American economy developed the beginnings of industrialization. The greatest advances occurred in transportation, as canals and railroads bound the Union together into a continental economy with strong regional specialization.

10. Industrial Revolution
Samuel Slater
Eli Whitney
“King Cotton”
Elias Howe
Isaac Singer

11. “wage slaves”
trade unions
factory girls
“cult of domesticity”
Discussion Question: How are the North, South and West connected together by these Industrial innovations?

12. Transportation Revolution
Lancaster Turnpike, Erie Canal,
Clermont and Robert Fulton
Order of the Star Clipper Ships

13. Discussion Questions:
What was the specific impact of Railroads on the West?
What was the Impact of faster shipping to and from the West?

14. Market Revolution
Interchangeable parts and mass production create the changes in manufacturing
Transportation revolution and changes in volume of production result in an expanded market for production
Industrial revolution changes the economy

15. Final Discussion Question:
What is the overall effect of a Market Revolution in the North, South, East and West?