1. FIRST 5
Review the types of evidence for evolution with a partner and determine:
1.) Which is the most convincing (and why)
2.) Which is the LEAST convincing (and why)

3. Theory of evolution: Change in allele frequency over time
Change in a species over time
Process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
Charles Darwin: a 19th century English naturalist who first published this theory.

4. EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION DIRECT EVIDENCE INDIRECT EVIDENCE MIMICRY
FOSSILS
CAMOUFLAGE
COMPARATIVE ANATOMY
(homologous and vestigial structures)
DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE (in viruses, bacteria, insects)
COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY
ARTIFICIAL SELECTION (food, dogs)
BIOCHEMISTRY (DNA, PROTEINS)

5. MIMICRY A species LOOKS Like another
Species-as a warning to predators-even if they are harmless.

7. CAMOUFLAGE A species has structures or coloring that
Allows it to blend in with its environment-to hide from predators.

10. DIRECT EVIDENCE Physiological adaptations
Adaptations in the biochemicals or the metabolism of a species that allow it to survive.
Examples:
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria
Pesticide resistance
Resistance of viruses to medication

11. Antibiotic resistance
Bacteria will become
resistant to antibiotics
(which will normally kill
them)

12. Pesticide resistance Insects can also develop resistance
to pesticides-due to
random mutations
that naturally occur
in the population

14. INDIRECT EVIDENCE FOSSILS
Anything left by organisms that lived a long time ago.
Bones
Skeletons
Footprints
Imprints
feces

18. ARCHYOPTERYX

19. Tiktaalik

20. INDIRECT EVIDENCE COMPARATIVE ANATOMY Comparing the
internal and external parts of the organisms
of different species

21. HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
Structures that came from a common ancestor and have similar functions.

22. HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES

23. ANALOGOUS STRUCTURES
Structures that DID NOT come from a common ancestor, but have common functions.

24. CONVERGENT STRUCTURES

25. VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES
Structures that have no use for the organism.

26. Geographic distribution

27. INDIRECET EVIDENCE COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY
Comparing embryos from different species.
Embryo-an early stage of development of an organism.

31. INDIRECT EVIDENCE BIOCHEMISTRY The chemicals required for life
DNA, RNA, ATP, etc…
When DNA sequences are compared between
different organisms, the more they are the same, the more related the organisms are, the more they are different, the less related they are.

32. Comparing amino acid sequences

34. Direct evidence Artificial selection
Humans have artificially selected traits that they want in food (corn, vegetables) and pets!

38. ARTIFICIAL SELECTION

39. QUIZ! (Open notes) 1.) What is evolution?
2.) What are the 4 steps of natural selection?
3.) What is the LEAST convincing piece of evidence for evolution and why?
4.) What is the MOST convincing piece of evidence for evolution and why?
5.) Choose any type of evidence for evolution and give an example that is NOT from the book or from Today’s lecture notes.

40. Turn in your REVIEW outline on the front table- You have 1 minute after the bell or it is Late! MAKE SURE THAT YOUR NAME IS ON IT!!!!
Homework for today:
Make an outline of all of the topics that we have discussed THIS QUARTER (since January). This will be your review sheet for the Mid-term exam this Friday.
The more detailed, the better.
Include important vocabulary terms and concepts.
This will be graded: 100, 90, 80, 70, 50, or a 0.

41. Blue footed booby dance