1. Commercial Data Processing
Introduction

2. What is CDP
Commercial Data Processing is the use of powerful computer systems to collect and process large volumes of data at high speed.

3. Reasons for CDP Systems
They:
Process large volumes of data
Process data at high speeds
Ability to search through a large number of records quickly
Have the ability to do repetitive tasks without errors
Process the data fast
Ensure very accurate data

4. Management Information
CDP provides the managers of companies with information that can them with decisions:
Ordering Stock
Sales
Pricing Decisions

5. Advantages Over a Manual System
Orders can be processed much more quickly
Errors are less likely because of the checks built into the computer system
Direct mailings can be done automatically using a mail merge
Maintaining contact with & information about a large number customers

6. An Example Glasgow Airport
They process lots of data
The BA computer system processes thousands of pieces of data every second
They handle repetitive tasks easily
At peak periods the BA computer systems check in thousands of passengers each day, repeating the same process over and over again

7. They process data at high speeds
Bags are checked in immediately the
bar code is entered
They ensure very accurate data
Aircraft positions an times are accurately recorded by the computer system
They offer instant access to the data
Many authorised staff members in the airport can see the data instantly. The data on arrivals and departures is displayed to the public on large display screens

8. The computer system makes it possible for:
The airport to cope with the thousands of people who travel on the planes
The movement of the planes
All the needs of the planes such as food and fuel
Dozens of airlines to use the airport

9. Lesson Objectives Learn about: Difference between data and Information
The Data Processing Cycle
Data Collection and Preparation Stage
Data Input Stage

10. Recap – Reasons for CDP They: Process large volumes of data
Process data at high speeds
Ability to search through a large number of records quickly
Have the ability to do repetitive tasks without errors
Process the data fast
Ensure very accurate data

11. Data Vs Information
Data is a collection of numbers, characters and symbols that a computer can use. It is meaningless to humans unless an explanation is given
e.g
What is it?
e.g
Information is data that is in a form that means something to humans.
A date

12. The Data Processing Cycle
Data Collection & Preparation
Data Output
Data Input
Data Processing & Storage

13. The Data Processing Cycle
The 4 Stages:
Data Collection and Preparation
Data Input
Data Processing and Storage
Data Output

14. Data Collection & Preparation
The first stage in the data processing cycle is to collect and prepare the data so that the computer can understand it.
Data can be collected in a variety of different ways for example:
Scanning shopping at a supermarket checkout
Clocking on at work
Filling in a form
Source document

15. The Data Processing Cycle
Data Collection & Preparation
Data Input

16. Data Input Magnetic stripes Smartcards Bar Codes Mark Sense Cards
Magnetic Ink character recognition (MICR)
Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

17. Data Input: Magnetic stripes
Stripe of magnetic material on the back of cards such as bank cards.
Information is held on the magnetic stripe.
Simple, quick and accurate way to enter account details.
Relatively easy to forge
To counter this forgery the smartcard was developed…

18. Data Input: Smartcards (Chip&Pin)
Have a microchip & on-board memory instead of using the magnetic stripe to hold the information
Holds a lot more data and harder to forge than magnetic stripes

19. Data Input: Bar Codes
A set of lines varying in widths that represent a number
They are read by passing a light pen or bar code reader across them.
Contain information about the product such as: Item code, manufacturer, country of origin, size, etc.

20. Data Input: Mark Sense Cards
Sheet that contains boxes that a line is marked for a choice.
Good for multiple choice options like the National Lottery

21. Data Input: Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)
Uses magnetic ink to print information on cheques
Harder to forge than using normal ink

22. Lesson Objectives Learn about: Error Checking Interactive Processing
Backup & Updating
Files, Records & Fields
Data Output

23. Recap – Reasons for CDP Process large volumes of data
Process data at high speeds
Repetitive tasks without errors
Process the data fast
Ensure very accurate data

24. Recap – Data Input Magnetic stripes Smartcards Bar Codes
Mark Sense Cards
MICR

25. Data Input: Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
Optical Character Reader recognises letters and characters.
With special software a scanner can do OCR
Widely used by the Post Office to sort mail.

26. Error Checking Ensuring the data entered is correct Types: Validation
Check Digit
Range check
Length check
Verification
Enter it twice

27. The Data Processing Cycle
Data Collection & Preparation
Data Input
Data Processing & Storage

28. File Record Fields Organised collection of related data
A group of related data items that could be considered as one unit
Fields
One bit of information within a record
E.g. The phone book is a collection of related data organised alphabetically
Whole book would be a file
The information about one person in the phone book
The persons first name or the phone number

29. Data Processing & Storage
Interactive Processing
Computer system process the data immediately it is entered
The results are then fed back to the users immediately
Updating
When a file is changed then it is updated
Backup
At least one spare copy of the data should be kept

30. The Data Processing Cycle
Data Collection & Preparation
Data Input
Data Processing & Storage
Data Output

31. Data Output Paper Screen Bills Statements Tickets Online bills
Information screens

32. The Data Processing Cycle
Data Collection & Preparation
Data Output
Data Input
Data Processing & Storage

33. Lesson Objectives Learn about: E-Commerce EFT / EPOS Job Types
Economic Implications
Security & Privacy

34. E-Commerce Shopping online Online banking
Using networks to buy and sell products & services
Shopping online
EBay, Amazon, Tesco, etc
Online banking
Allows you to keep track of accounts

35. EFT/EPOS Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT)
A way of paying for goods without using cash
The amount of money is transferred directly from your bank to the shop’s bank account
Electronic Point of Sale (EPOS)
Computerised system that collects data from checkout

36. EFTPOS Advantages Disadvantages Less cash so less chance for theft
Better for both customer & business
Less paperwork
Disadvantages
Expensive to install
Easy to overspend when not using cash

37. Effects on Business
New jobs are have been created since computers became used for CDP that didn’t exist before.

38. Job Types & Careers Programmer Systems Analyst Engineer
Network Manager
Computer Operator

39. Systems Analyst
Looks at the manual tasks carried out by a company and decides whether these would be better or even possible by using computers instead.

40. Programmer
When the System Analyst is finished they consult with the Programmer to discussed requirements
The Programmer then writes the code for the programs required.

41. Engineer / Technician
The person responsible for the maintenance and repairs of all the equipment.

42. Network Manager Controls who has access to network
Controls installation of software & hardware

43. Computer Operator
This person is involved with the day to day running of the complete computer system.
They run the programs that process the data previously input.

44. Economic Implications
Initial Cost
Buying & setting up the system is expensive
Running Cost
Paper,
ink,
Electricity,
Maintenance

45. Security & Privacy Information must be accurate & up to date
Files must be kept private
Sale of mailing lists
Companies can sell the customer details to other companies
The person must be told and must give permission for their information to be passed on.

46. Task Answer questions pg 193 of book Foundation KU Foundation PS
General KU
General PS

47. Lesson Objectives Learn about: E-Commerce EFT / EPOS Job Types
Economic Implications
Security & Privacy