1. Biotechnology
 is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use" (UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Art. 2).

4. Polymerase Chain Reaction – early 80’s

6. Restriction enzymes

11. Restriction enzymes

13. Example
Insulin
“Spider Goats”

16. transgenics

17. Gel Electrophoresis

19. Genetic Diversity Coding regions of DNA: Genes ; very little variation
Changes in DNA: Mutations
Noncoding regions: variation

20. Familiar uses…

21. DNA fingerprints

22. Paternity Testing

23. Can be used for population counts
Less invasive and disruptive
Collect hair samples
Purify the samples and then analyze