1. Chapter 14 The Behavior of Gases 14.1 Properties of Gases
14.2 The Gas Laws
14.3 Ideal Gases
14.4 Gases: Mixtures and Movements
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2. Compressibility
Compressibility is a measure of how much the volume of matter decreases under pressure.
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3. Boyle’s Law
Boyle’s law states that for a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the volume of the gas varies inversely with pressure.
P1  V1 = P2  V2
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4. Interpret Graphs
As the volume decreases from 1.0 L to 0.5 L, the pressure increases from 100 kPa to 200 kPa.
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5. Sample Problem 14.1
Using Boyle’s Law
A balloon contains 30.0 L of helium gas at 103 kPa. What is the volume of the helium when the balloon rises to an altitude where the pressure is only kPa? (Assume that the temperature remains constant.)
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6. Analyze List the knowns and the unknown.
Sample Problem 14.1
Analyze List the knowns and the unknown. 1
KNOWNS
UNKNOWN
P1 = 103 kPa
V1 = 30.0 L
P2 = 25.0 kPa
V2 = ? L
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7. Calculate Solve for the unknown.
Sample Problem 14.1
Calculate Solve for the unknown. 2
Rearrange the equation to isolate V2.
P1  V1 = P2  V2
Isolate V2 by dividing both sides by P2:
P1  V1 = P2  V2 P2
V2 = P2
V1  P1
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8. Calculate Solve for the unknown.
Sample Problem 14.1
Calculate Solve for the unknown. 2
Substitute the known values for P1, V1, and P2 into the equation and solve.
V2 =
25.0 kPa
30.0 L  103 kPa
V2 = 1.24  102 L
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9. A sample of neon gas occupies a volume of 677 mL at 134 kPa
A sample of neon gas occupies a volume of 677 mL at 134 kPa. What is the pressure of the sample if the volume is decreased to 642 mL?
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10. A sample of neon gas occupies a volume of 677 mL at 134 kPa
A sample of neon gas occupies a volume of 677 mL at 134 kPa. What is the pressure of the sample if the volume is decreased to 642 mL?
P1  V1 = P2  V2
P2 = V2
V1  P1
P2 =
642 mL
677 mL  134 kPa
P2 = 141 kPa
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11. A gas occupies 12. 3 L at a pressure of 40. 0 mm Hg
A gas occupies 12.3 L at a pressure of 40.0 mm Hg. What is the volume when the pressure is increased to 60.0 mm Hg?
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12. A gas occupies 12. 3 L at a pressure of 40. 0 mm Hg
A gas occupies 12.3 L at a pressure of 40.0 mm Hg. What is the volume when the pressure is increased to 60.0 mm Hg?
8.2 L
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13. END OF 14.2
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