1. Chapter 12 Growing and Changing Lesson 6 The Life Cycle Next >>
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2. The first year of life after birth
infancy
The first year of life after birth
toddler
A child between the ages of one and three
Click to reveal the definitions.
preschooler
A child between ages three and five

3. In this lesson, you will learn to
describe the stages of life.
identify the ways in which adolescence will prepare you for adulthood.
list ways to reduce stress in your life.

4. Organizing Information
As you read this lesson, make a list of events that happen at different stages of the life cycle.

5. The Stages of Life
After birth, the baby develops certain behaviors during different stages of life.
When the fetus is fully developed, the mother feels strong contractions that help push the baby out of her body.

6. In infancy, a baby grows rapidly in weight and size.
infancy The first year of life after birth
Within a year, babies can learn to sit up by themselves and can often pull themselves up into a standing position.
The baby’s weight triples and the size increases by half.
The baby learns by watching, touching, tasting and listening.
The baby soon learns to respond to those nearby.
By the end of infancy, the baby can recognize some words.

7. Toddlers don’t grow as fast as infants.
Childhood
Toddlers don’t grow as fast as infants.
toddler A child between the ages of one and three
Toddlers can walk, run, and climb on their own.
Toddlers can feed themselves and use the toilet.
Language skills begin to develop.
Toddlers become very physically active.
Toddlers are very curious and learn very quickly.

8. A toddler becomes a preschooler.
Childhood
A toddler becomes a preschooler.
preschooler A child between ages three and five
Preschoolers can use a paintbrush, button their clothes, and ride a tricycle.
Preschoolers begin to develop complex physical skills.
Mental skills develop quickly and they like to pretend.
Preschoolers learn how to follow rules and express their needs.
Preschoolers start to make friends.

9. The period between ages 6 and 11 is called late childhood.
Physical growth continues.
Physical strength increases and coordination
increases.
Social skills increase.
Less adult supervision is needed.

10. Adolescence
Adolescence is between the ages of 12 and 18 and is a period of rapid growth and development.
Physical changes occur to prepare the body for reproduction.
Mental, emotional, and social changes prepare the person for adulthood.
Adolescents take on more responsibility.
Adolescents make choices that will help shape the path they take as adults.

11. Adulthood
Young adulthood begins at about age 19 when physical growth slows significantly.
Growth continues mentally.
Growth continues
emotionally.
Growth continues socially.
Careers begin and many have deeper relationships and children.

12. Adulthood
The next stage is middle age, when adults in their thirties, forties, and fifties continue to strengthen their careers, relationships, and families.
During this period, most adults focus on their jobs and children. Some take classes to learn new skills.

13. After middle age, adults begin to show signs of physical aging.
Adulthood
After middle age, adults begin to show signs of physical aging.
Many people in this stage continue to be very physically active.
People in this stage often retire from their jobs. They may travel, enjoy new hobbies, and become more involved in their communities.
Americans are living longer than ever before. It was once a rarity to live beyond your nineties. Now, over 50 thousand Americans are older than 100 years of age.

14. Adulthood
Death is the final part of the human life cycle.
It is important to see dying as a natural part of the life cycle.

15. Preparing for Adulthood
The physical, mental, emotional, and social growth you make during adolescence prepares you for adulthood.
Many of the decisions you make as an adolescent will affect you long into your adulthood.

16. Reducing Risk Protect yourself from injury.
Choose a healthy lifestyle.
Don’t use drugs.
Avoid tobacco and alcohol.
Avoid sexual activity.
Protect yourself from injury:
Always wear a safety belt when riding in a vehicle. Wear protective gear when participating in sports. Do the same if you ever have to work with dangerous chemicals or machines. Know how to protect yourself if there’s a fire or other emergency.
Choose a healthy lifestyle:
Eat a nutritious diet. Get plenty of physical activity. Figure out the best way to manage stress and get enough sleep and rest. All of these tips will help you avoid getting heart disease and cancer later in life.
Don’t use drugs:
By avoiding drugs, you protect your health. Avoid situations in which drugs might be offered to you. Remember, drugs can permanently damage you body and mind.
Avoid tobacco and alcohol:
Tobacco products can cause many health problems, including cancer. Alcohol can damage your health and cause you to make poor decisions.
Avoid sexual activity:
By choosing to avoid sexual activity, you will prevent an unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV. Practicing abstinence will also protect you from the many negative emotional and social consequences associated with sexual activity.

17. Moving Toward the Future
In your teen years:
You explore who you are and find out what’s important to you.
You discover how to solve problems.
You become more independent.
You take responsibility for your actions.
You learn to accept your physical traits.
You also develop confidence in your abilities.

18. Moving Toward the Future
In your teen years:
Your relationships will mature.
You develop a greater interest in your community.
You begin to make plans for what you want to do as an adult.
You realize that an interest or hobby today could develop into a rewarding career in the future.

19. Moving Toward the Future
Make the most of your teen years by caring for your personal health and preparing for your future.

20. What I Learned Vocabulary Define infancy, and use it in a sentence.
Lesson 6 Review
What I Learned
Vocabulary Define infancy, and use it in a sentence.
Infancy is the first year of life after birth. Sentences should use the term correctly.

21. Lesson 6 Review
What I Learned
List Identify four choices you can make to reduce risk in your life.
Any four: Protect yourself from injury, choose a healthy lifestyle, don't use drugs, avoid tobacco and alcohol, avoid sexual activity.

22. Lesson 6 Review
What I Learned
Give Examples In what ways do your teen years prepare you for adult life?
You are learning about yourself and how to solve problems and make decisions; developing more mature relationships.

23. What I Learned Explain How does death relate to the human life cycle?
Lesson 6 Review
What I Learned
Explain How does death relate to the human life cycle?
It is the final part of the life cycle.

24. Lesson 6 Review
Thinking Critically
Apply Brent is feeling pressure to engage in sexual activity with his girlfriend. What would you say to Brent to encourage him to make the healthful choice of abstaining from sexual activity?
Answers will vary but should include that abstinence is the only effective way to avoid pregnancy sexually transmitted diseases.

25. Lesson 6 Review
Thinking Critically
Infer How do a teen’s responsibilities at school prepare him or her for adulthood?
School responsibilities prepare a teen for adult responsibilities, such as getting to work on time and meeting work deadlines.

26. Chapter 12 Growing and Changing End of Lesson 6 The Life Cycle
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