1. Down-Regulation of Apoptosis After Left Ventricular Aneurysm Repair
Chiao-Po Hsu, MD, Chun-Yao Huang, MD, Jih-Shiuan Wang, MD, Hsin-I. Chiang, MS, Chun-Che Shih, MD, PhD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 84, Issue 4, Pages (October 2007)
DOI: /j.athoracsur
Copyright © 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
The method of tissue preparation for histologic examination (left) and biochemical examination (right). (A = adjacent; R = remote; S = scar.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
Masson’s trichrome–stained transverse heart sections from group 2 (left) and group 3 (right). Plication of aneurysm scar in the left ventricle resulted in a smaller, thicker (less dilated) left ventricular chamber. Photographs are printed directly from representative slide sections cut from the apex through the base at level 1 (A and E), level 2 (B and F), level 3 (C and G), and level 4 (D and H). Images were captured, magnified (×40), and merged together using a Zeiss microscope and Image-Pro Plus software. (Scale bar = 1 mm.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
Cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes in the surviving portion of the left ventricle. Results are presented as mean ± SD. (A = adjacent area; R = remote area.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

5. Fig 4
Representative sections of (A) adjacent area of group 2 and (B) remote area of group 3. Cross-sectional area in A is obvious larger than in B. Magnification ×400. (Scale bar = 50 μm.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

6. Fig 5
Apoptosis of myocyte in the adjacent area of ventricular myocardium of group 2 (A, B, C) and group 3 (D, E, F). Red fluorescence illustrates nuclei by propidium iodide (PI) (A and D) and green fluorescence illustrates apoptotic nuclei by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) assay (B and E). Fluorescence in C and F corresponds to the combination of PI and TdT labeling, fluorescence microscopy. Magnification ×400. (Scale bar = 50 μm., Fremont, CA)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

7. Fig 6
Effects of left ventricular aneurysm and aneurysm repair on the magnitude of apoptosis of cardiomyocyte in the surviving portion of the left ventricle. Results are presented as mean ± SD. (Open bars = adjacent; shaded bars = remote.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

8. Fig 7
(Left) Representative immunoblots for caspase-8(43kD), Bcl-2, caspase-9 (35 and 37kD), Bax, caspase 3, α-tubulin, and actin. (Right) Laser densitometry data (n = 6 in each group, mean ± SD). (A = adjacent area; LVA = left ventricular aneurysm; LVAR = left ventricular aneurysm repair; R = remote area.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

9. Fig 8
Fluorescence immunohistochemistry of activated caspase-3 from (A) group 2 and (B) group 3. Tissue sections were treated with 3% H2O2 and blocked with 1% nonfat milk in phosphate-buffered saline-T buffer after dewax and rehydration. Binding of primary probe with antiactive caspase-3 antibody (polyclonal, Chemicon), followed by biotin-labeled secondary goat anti–rabbit IgG antibody (Invitrogen). Higher levels of signal amplification were achieved by Tyramide Signal Amplification Kit (T20932, Alexa Fluor 488; Invitrogen), and counterstained with DAPI (4′-6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole). Magnification ×400. (Scale bar = 50 μm.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions