1. Herbivory
BIOL/BOT 160 – Ecology

2. Herbivory Why might this be a problem?
Insect Pests in Northern California
Herbivory
Different from predation in that the prey usually survives the attack
However, herbivores can increase the risk of mortality
Gypsy Moth
Why might this be a problem?

3. Results of vector plot Predicted from vector plot
Predicted from vector plot

4. Effects on Plant Fitness
Consumed by herbivore
Effects
Leaves
Bark
Root
Flower
Sap
Any of the above
Photosynthesis and ability to obtain water
Ability to move nutrients
Ability to obtain water
Ability to reproduce
Ability to obtain nutrients
Drain reserves

5. Effects worse on juvenile plants or leaves
Juveniles and new leaves have
least amount of sclerophyll
most easily accessible nutrients

6. Plant defenses
Defense!

7. Plant Defenses Cyanide Nicotine Caffeine Cocaine Morphine Mescaline
Structural
Hairy Leaves
Thorns
Secondary Compounds
Quantitative inhibitors
E.g. tannins, resins
Qualitative inhibitors
E.g. Toxins
Cyanide
Nicotine
Caffeine
Cocaine
Morphine
Mescaline
Pyrethrin

8. Plant Defenses TERPENE GAS Gall formation
Some defenses are always present
Referred to as CONSTITUTIVE
Some defenses are developed in response to herbivore
Referred to as INDUCED
Gall
formation
TERPENE GAS