1. AP Biology: Review Session
Cells and Membrane
AP Biology: Review Session

2. Why are cells Small?

3. Omit this!

4. Endosymbiotic Theory of organelle evolution – what is the evidence?

5. What is the benefit of organelles?
Compartmentalization
Specialization of organelle
homeostasis

6. Name the Organelle
Slides 6 -16

7. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and different organelles.
Cell Membranes

8. Responsible for Protein Product in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Ribosomes

9. There are Two Types of Ribosomes – Free and Attached
Make proteins which leave the cell
Make proteins that stay in the cell
Attached Ribosomes
Free Ribosomes

10. Controls the activities of the cell
Nucleus

11. Produced by the endomembrane system; contains digestive enzymes
lysosomes

12. Contains Ribosomes and helps make proteins to be exported from the cell
Rough ER

13. Modifies proteins to be exported from the cell.
Golgi Apparatus

14. Contains the reactions of cellular respiration
Mitochondria

15. Contains the chemical reactions of photosynthesis
chloroplast

16. Function of the DNA in the mitochondria and the chloroplast
Instructions for proteins used in the mitochondria and chloroplast

17. Intermediate filaments
Component of the cytoskeleton responsible for holding organelles in place
Intermediate filaments

18. Membrane Structure
Phospholipids and proteins
Arrangement
Function of unsaturated Fatty acids and cholesterol
Permeable to small, nonpolar molecules

19. Passive Transport Down the concentration gradient
Molecules will reach equilibrium
Facilitated diffusion

20. Movement of water down the concertation gradient
Osmosis
Movement of water down the concertation gradient
Across a selectively permeable membrane
Facilitated diffusion - aquaporin

21. Tonicity
Isotonic – cells have the same concentrations of non- penetrating solutes as found surrounding solution (our cellular fluids and IV saline solution)
Hypertonic – solutions have higher concentrations of non-penetrating solutes than found in the cell (Salt water is hypertonic to our cells)
Hypotonic – solutions containing a lower concentration of non-penetrating solutes than the cell (Distilled water is hypotonic to our cells)

23. Active transport Against the concentration gradient Uses energy
Sodium potassium pump = example

24. Receptor mediated endocytosis
Bulk Transport
Pinocytosis
Phagocytosis
Receptor mediated endocytosis