1. Biology revision – CHAPTER 3 – Moving & Changing Materials
Water Movement
______________ is the diffusion of ________________ through a ______________________ __________________ _______________.
A dilute solution is when there is a _____________ water concentration. A concentrated solution is when there is a _________ water concentration. ________________ is the diffusion of ____________ molecules from a ______________ solution to a ________________ one, through a ___________________ ________________ membrane.
Enzymes
Using the diagram above to support you, explain the lock-and-key theory.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Summary of different methods of movement
Substances moved:
Conditions:
Requirements:
Energy needed:
Diffusion
Osmosis
Active Transport
KEY WORDS:
Osmosis
Partially Permeable Membrane
Dilute
Concentrated
Active Site
Specific Shape
Denatured
ASSESSMENT:

2. _______________________
Biology revision – CHAPTER 3 – Moving & Changing continued…
Enzymes of digestion:
COMMON MISCONCEPTION
Explaining blood flow through the heart
Explain the blood flow through the heart, include the sequence of contractions and valve openings. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________
Enzyme
Site of production
Reaction
Remember that emulsification breaks fats into smaller drops but enzymes digest fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
Blood Vessels
Complete the table to summarise differences between the blood vessels.
ARTERIES
VEINS
CAPILLARIES
Carry blood the heart
Carry blood …….. the heart
Carry blood ……… arteries ……. veins
……………. walls, …….. permeable
………….. walls, ………. permeable
Walls ……….. and …………………..
Small ……………..
Large ………………
…….. …………………
…………….. to prevent backflow of blood
……. …………………
Carry ………………….. blood
Carry …………………………. blood
Blood slowly loses its oxygen
Blood under …………… pressure
Blood under ………… pressure
Pressure fails and ………….. disappears
ASSESSMENT:
KEY WORDS:
Amylase
Protease
Carbohydrase
Lumen
Oxygenated
Deoxygenated
Atria Ventricles 2

3. Biology revision – CHAPTER 3 – Moving & Changing Materials
Water Movement
_Osmosis_____ is the diffusion of __Water_______ through a _Partially_____ __Permeable______ __Membrane_______.
A dilute solution is when there is a _high_____ water concentration.
A concentrated solution is when there is a _low_____ water concentration. _Osmosis________ is the diffusion of _water______ molecules from a __dilute______ solution to a ___concentrated_ one, through a _partially_________ __permeable_____ membrane.
Enzymes
Using the diagram above to support you, explain the lock-and-key theory.
Enzymes are protein molecules made of chains of amino acids.
Each enzyme has a unique sequence of amino acids which allows the active site to be a specific shape.
The substrate fits exactly into this active site to catalyse a specific reaction.
Only one type of substrate can fit into the active site – like a key fits a lock.
Once attached an Enzyme Substrate Complex is formed – and it is changed into a product.
If the shape of the active site changes – the enzyme is denatured and cannot catalyse the reaction.
Summary of different methods of movement
Substances moved:
Conditions:
Requirements:
Energy needed:
Diffusion
Any dissolved substance or gas
High concentration to low concentration
Down a concentration gradient No
Osmosis
Water
Dilute solution to concentrated solution
Through a partially permeable membrane
Active Transport
Dissolved Substances
More dilute solution to a more concentrated solution.
Against a concentration gradient
Yes
KEY WORDS:
Osmosis
Partially Permeable Membrane
Dilute
Concentrated
Active Site
Specific Shape
Denatured
ASSESSMENT:

4. Biology revision – CHAPTER 3 – Moving & Changing continued…
Enzymes of digestion:
COMMON MISCONCEPTION
Explaining blood flow through the heart
Explain the blood flow through the heart, include the sequence of contractions and valve openings.
vena cava brings deoxygenated blood to right atrium.
Pulmonary vein brings oxygenated blood to left atrium.
Heart is relaxed and atria are filled with blood.
Atria contract at the same time forcing blood into the ventricles.
From the right ventricle blood passes up and out the pulmonary artery to collect oxygen from lungs.
From left ventricle blood passes up and out the aorta to deliver oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body.
Ventricles contract from bottom upwards.
Enzyme
Site of production
Reaction
Amylase
Salivary gland, pancreas, small intestine
Starch to glucose
Protease
Stomach, pancreas, small intestine
Proteins to amino acids
Lipase
Pancreas, small intestine
Lipids to fatty acids & glycerol
Remember that emulsification breaks fats into smaller drops but enzymes digest fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
Blood Vessels
Complete the table to summarise differences between the blood vessels.
ARTERIES
VEINS
CAPILLARIES
Carry blood .from.. the heart
Carry blood …to the heart
Carry blood from arteries to veins
thick. walls, not. permeable
thinner. walls, not permeable
Walls thin. and permeable.
Small lumen.
Large …lumen
…No Valves
…valves.. to prevent backflow of blood
No Valves
Carry oxygenated. blood
Carry deoxygenated blood
Blood slowly loses its oxygen
Blood under high pressure
Blood under …low pressure
Pressure fails and pulse. disappears
ASSESSMENT:
KEY WORDS:
Amylase
Protease
Carbohydrase
Lumen
Oxygenated
Deoxygenated
Atria Ventricles 4