1. Animal Behavior

2. Responses Seen in lab Stimulus leads to change in direction
Taxis
Kinesis
Stimulus leads to change in direction
Stimulus leads to change in speed

3. Behaviors can be innate or learned
Completely genetically controlled
Automatic from birth
Some genetic predisposition
But behavior is learned and developed

4. Examples of innate behavior
Instinct
Fixed Action Pattern
Imprinting

5. Instinct Inclination towards a behavior
E.g. newly hatched turtles walk towards ocean
Human babies exhibit many instinctual reflexes

6. Fixed Action Pattern Innate response to a particular stimulus
E.g. male stickleback fish have a red underbelly. They will attack anything they see with a red underbelly and ignore a male fish with no red stripe

7. Imprinting
Animal has innate ability to learn but only during a critical period
E.g. ducks/geese imprint first thing they see as their mother
E.g. birds learn bird song only during a brief period

8. Examples of learned behavior
Habituation
Associative learning
Trial and error learning
Observational learning
Insight or critical thinking

9. Habituation Begin ignoring repetitive stimuli
E.g. you don’t feel clothes after a while
Allows you to focus on important stimuli

10. Learn to relate two stimuli
Associative learning
Learn to relate two stimuli
E.g. Pavlov’s Dog

11. Trial and Error Learning
Associate behavior with a stimulus
E.g. operant conditioning
Basis of punishment and reward systems

12. Observational Learning
Pick up behaviors that you see
Actually a fairly complex behavior

13. Coming up with new ideas
Insight
Coming up with new ideas
Highest form of learning