1. Cells and Energy

2. List the types/forms of energy you can think of….
Thinking…
List the types/forms of energy you can think of….
30 seconds

4. What is energy? What type of energy does our body use?

5. Energy Can change forms: Ability to do work
Cannot be created or destroyed
Can change forms:
-Light energy can become chemical energy (carbs)
-The process is called photosynthesis!!

6. What cellular activities require energy?
Active Transport
Growth and Repair
Reproduction
ALL Cellular Work Requires Energy!!

7. It’s ALL about BONDS!!! Compounds are held together by chemical bonds.
Energy is stored in those chemical bonds.

8. It’s ALL about BONDS!!!
When you break a chemical bond energy is released.

9. Energy Storing Compounds
1. ATP (to include ADP)
2. Glucose
3. NADPH (to include NADP+)

10. ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

11. Cells store energy in the bonds of Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Cell Energy:
Cells store energy in the bonds of Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
ATP is made up of:
Adenine
Ribose Sugar
3 Phosphate groups

13. ADP
ADP (adenosine diphosphate) looks just like ATP, except it only has two phosphates

14. ADP
Adenine
Ribose
2 Phosphate groups

15. When the cell has energy available it can store this energy by adding a phosphate group to ADP, producing ATP

16. Predict:
What happens when the cell needs energy?

18. To release energy the cell Breaks off a phosphate…
This energy is used to power cellular activities

19. And our cells can do this over and over again!
And makes ADP!
Energy
And our cells can do this over and over again!

20. Uses of ATP

21. ATP supplies energy for things like active transport, protein synthesis, and muscle contraction!

22. ATP Cells only keep a small amount of ATP on hand.
ATP is good for transferring energy but not good for storing energy long term
ATP Formation Quick REVIEW

23. 2. Glucose 90x more energy in ATP Energy between bonds
Cells cannot use glucose for energy ~it must first be converted to ATP
Break bonds ~ energy released
Make bonds ~ energy absorbed

24. 3. NADPH NADPH is an energy-carrying molecule
produced in the first stage of photosynthesis.
It provides energy to fuel the Calvin cycle in the second stage of photosynthesis.

25. NADPH
NADPH NADP H+

26. Energy can be defined as ____.
A. Formation of power
B. Chemical reactions
C. Ability to do work
D. Creation of heat

27. What chemical bond in ATP releases energy when broken?
A) phosphate
B) sulfur
C) oxygen
D) potassium

28. Think-Pair-Share
Explain how high energy ATP molecules are converted into lower-energy molecules

29. Cornell Summary