1. Foxborough History Department
Spanish American War
By Tom Murray
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2. Foxborough History Department
Overview
Causes
Message to Garcia-
Leaders
Timeline-Events
Maps
Cartoons
Evaluation
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3. Causes of Spanish American War
Imperialism
Social Darwinism- Activity
Yellow Journalism
Militarism
Industrial Revolution
World Power (land)
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Imperialism
The policy of extending a nation's authority by territorial acquisition or by the establishment of economic and political control over other nations
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Social Darwinism
The application of Darwinism to the study of human society, specifically a theory in sociology that individuals or groups achieve advantage over others as the result of genetic or biological superiority.
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Yellow Journalism
Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers.
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Militarism
1.Glorification of the ideals of a professional military class
2. A policy in which military preparedness is of primary importance to a state
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8. Industrial Revolution
The complex of radical socioeconomic changes, such as the ones that took place in England in the late 18th century, that are brought about when extensive mechanization of production systems results in a shift from home-based hand manufacturing to large-scale factory production
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World Power
Need for new markets to sell goods
More land to get raw materials
Keep up with European Powers
Goals of leadership
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10. To Hell with Spain Remember the Maine
At 9:40pm on February 15, 1898, the battleship U.S.S. Maine exploded in Havana Harbor
268 men were killed, shocking the American population
What or who caused this explosion?
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Waiting for the Facts
Who is waiting?
Why should we wait for the “facts”?
Why might the United States want to go to war?
What positive effects or outcomes could come from a war with Spain?
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Leaders
William McKinley
Theodore Roosevelt
George Dewey
William Randolph Hearst
General Weyler “The Butcher
Emilio Aguinaldo
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13. William McKinley, Jr. (1843-1901)
25th President
Wanted to avoid war in Cuba
Yellow journalism and public supported war
In April 1898, President McKinley abandoned his failed diplomatic efforts and asked Congress for permission to intervene in Cuba.
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14. Theodore Roosevelt Assistant Secretary of the Navy.
“I should welcome almost any war, for I think this country needs one”
First Volunteer Cavalry, nicknamed the "Rough Riders.“ Stop, drop, that’s how rough riders roll…..(DMX)
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15. Commodore George Dewey
May 1, 1899— Commodore Dewey and his Asiatic Squadron defeated the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay
During and after the war, George Dewey became one of the war's most celebrated heroes
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16. William Randolph Hearst
Newspaper publisher and leading example of yellow journalism
New York Journal started a public hysteria for war with Spain by publishing incendiary articles and illustrations
Hearst once said "You provide the pictures and I'll provide the war."
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17. General Weyler “The Butcher”
In 1896, the Spanish sent "The Butcher," to Cuba
To prevent the insurrectos
Weyler built concentration camps in which he imprisoned a large portion of the population
Under the harsh and unsanitary conditions in the concentration camps,
Cuban prisoners died rapidly, especially from disease
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Emilio Aguinaldo
The Philippines' revolutionary leader
Fought first against Spanish imperialism
After the end of the Spanish- American War, fought against American
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Events-Timeline
1895: Cuban nationalists revolt against Spanish rule
1896: Spanish General Weyler (the "Butcher") comes to Cuba.
1897: Spain recalls Weyler
Early 1898: USS Maine sent to Cuba
February 9, 1898: Hearst publishes Dupuy du Lome's letter insulting McKinley.
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21. Sensational Journalism or Yellow Journalism Activity
Screaming newspaper headlines about the situation in Cuba in the 1890s helped fan the flames of war by influencing public opinion in the United States
Research current headlines aimed at selling newspapers -- rather than telling honest stories --look at newsstands and in supermarket checkout lines
Research some of the headlines and stories published in the World and the Journal in the 1890s and compare these with the headlines found in modern tabloid papers
How are they similar and/or different? Are any stories more or less harmful than others?
Homework
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Quiz-10 pts each
List 3 causes of the Spanish American War
What ship sunk to start the war?
Who was the President in 1898?
Who was Secretary of Defense
What role did Yellow Journalism play in the Spanish American War
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Spanish Politeness
Who is holding the knife?
Name the ship
Is this an example of Yellow Journalism? Explain
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Events-Timeline
February 15, 1898: Sinking of the USS Maine
February 25, 1898: Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt cables Commodore Dewey with plan: attack the Philippines if war with Spain breaks out
April 11, 1898: McKinley approves war with Spain
April 24, 1898: Spain declares war on the US
April 25, 1898: US declares war on Spain
William McKinley US President from 1896 to his assassination in Backed by Mark Hanna and American business interests, McKinley championed high, business-protecting tariffs and opposed Free Silver. Under McKinley, the US engaged in a period of imperialism, epitomized by the Spanish-American War.
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Let go of him McKinley
Who is McKinley holding?
Who is being attacked?
What is the message to the public in 1898?
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29. Results of the Spanish American War
Treaty of Paris signed on December 10, 1898 ended the Spanish- American War
Cuba went free, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines were ceded to the US, and the US agreed to pay Spain an indemnity of $20 million
America becomes a world power
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Evaluation
Visual Quiz—Who am I? What was my involvement? Define? Explain
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Quiz-Question’s 1-3
Who am I?
What was my role in the Spanish American War?
What was the nickname of my voluntary Calvary?
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Quiz-Questions 4-6
4. What role did Yellow Journalism play in the war?
5. What ship blew up that sparked the war?
6. Who was the President during the Spanish American War?
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Short Answers
Do you think there is any such thing as a "splendid little war"? What other wars might some people remember as "splendid little" ones? Who might think these wars were not so splendid? Who usually suffers most in a war? Who has to bear the long-term effects of a war?
What responsibilities does the press have in terms of how it reports news stories? What are the short-term benefits of exaggerating or fabricating stories to make exciting headlines? What might be some long-term benefits of adhering to the truth?
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Work Cited
Timeline- Sparknotes
Other Web Sites- PBS Movie web site
Small Planets
Pictures
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36. Foxborough History Department
Quiz Answer Sheet 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10
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