1. Exploration: Successes and Failures

2. de Niza & Estevancio’s Expedition
King denies Cabeza de Vaca’s appeals to search for 7 cities of gold
Estevancio guides group w/ a priest named Marcos de Niza
Estevancio finds Cibola, urged de Niza to hurry
Actually pueblos lived in by the Zuni people
Indians kill Estevancio as he tries to enter
De Niza halts expedition but sees city
Reports it larger than Mexico City
Turns around so he does not get killed

3. Coronado Heads North 1540, sets off w/ 1000 men to conquer Cibola
No treasure found in Cibola
Decided to stay to find riches, did not want to leave empty handed
a man they called El Turco, told them of riches in the east called Quivira
El Turco wanted to return home
Led them across Texas Panhandle
Reached Quivira, a Wichita village in Kansas
Offered no treasure, men killed El Turco
Returned to Mexico in 1542, reported that the north offered little

6. De Soto & Moscoso Sets out from Florida in 1539
Explored in southeastern USA
1542, they cross Mississippi River
DeSoto dies after crossing river, Moscoso takes over
Met Caddoes in East Texas, “Tay-yas!”
Returned to Mississippi River, built vessels to return them to Mexico
Found petroleum

8. Spain Retreats From Texas
Spent a lot of money, time searching for treasure with little result
Information about land and people was valuable
When other nations show interest, Spain’s interest was revived