1. Matter and Its Properties

2. Matter and Its Properties

3. Classification of Matter
yes no
Can it be physically separated?
MIXTURE
PURE SUBSTANCE
Is the composition uniform? no
yes
Can it be chemically decomposed? no
yes
Homogeneous Mixture
(solution)
Heterogeneous Mixture
Compound
Element

4. What is matter? All matter has two properties in common:
Volume-the amount of 3D space an object occupies
Mass-a measure of the amount of matter present.
Anything that has mass and takes up space is matter.

5. Pure Substances Element Compound Composed of identical atoms
On the periodic table
Examples-copper wire, aluminum foil
Compound
Composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio
Properties differ from those of individual elements
Example-table salt (NaCl)

6. Mixtures Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances.
Homogeneous-
uniform composition
AKA solutions
Heterogeneous- not uniform composition

7. What type of matter is it?
element
hetero. mixture
compound
solution
graphite (form of carbon)
pepper
sugar (sucrose)
paint
soda

8. Separation of mixtures
-distillation
-filtration
-chromatography

9. Distillation

10. CHROMATOGRAPHY

11. FILTRATION

12. How can I separate matter?
1. Filtration
2. Distillation
3. Chromotagraphy

13. Changes of State
Change of state-a physical change of a substance from one state to another
Three common states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
Any change of a substance between these state is a PHYSICAL change!

14. On a piece of paper of in your notes:
Draw three beakers that have a gas, liquid, and solid in them.
The molecules need to represent the properties of each (draw at a molecular level)
You have 5 minutes

15. States of Matter Solids
very low KE - particles vibrate but can’t move around
fixed shape
fixed volume

16. States of Matter
Liquids
low KE - particles can move around but are still close together
variable shape
fixed volume

17. States of Matter
Gases
high KE - particles can separate and move throughout container
variable shape
variable volume

18. Fourth State of Matter Plasma
very high KE - particles collide with enough energy to break into charged particles (+/-)
gas-like, variable shape & volume
stars, fluorescent light bulbs

19. Properties and Changes in Matter
Physical property-a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance.
Examples-melting & boiling points
Physical change-a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance.
Examples-grinding, cutting, and boiling

20. Properties and Changes in Matter
Chemical property-characteristic that can be observed or measured THAT DOES change the identity of the substance.
Examples-flammability, ability to rust
Chemical change- change in a substance that DOES involve a change in the identity of the substance.
Examples-cooking, rusting, and chemical reactions

21. Property or Change? Physical or Chemical?
Property, chemical
Change, chemical
Property, physical
Change, physical
Examples:
flammable
burning of a log
magnetic
ice melting
tarnishes in air
melting point
iron rusting
grinding spices

31. Properties and Changes in Matter
Intensive property-does not depend on the amount of matter present
Ask, “If I double the amount of matter that I have, will this property change?” If the answer is no, then intensive property.
Examples-color, boiling point, and density

32. Properties and Changes in Matter
Extensive property-depends on the amount of matter that is present
Ask, “If I double the amount of matter that I have, will this property change?” If yes, then the property is extensive.
Examples-mass and volume

33. Extensive or Intensive?
Examples:
boiling point
volume
mass
density
conductivity
intensive
extensive

34. Below is a picture of the sunken titanic
Below is a picture of the sunken titanic. On a clean sheet of paper, list SIX signs of chemical/physical changes and properties you see occurring or could occur. Also list any intensive or extensive properties that apply.