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Proteins Major Organic Compounds.

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Presentation on theme: "Proteins Major Organic Compounds."— Presentation transcript:

1 Proteins Major Organic Compounds

2 Proteins complex organic compounds made up of amino acids, needed for the body to function properly 3D protein structure PROTEINS complex organic compounds made up of amino acids needed for the body to function properly Enzymes are proteins which function to control the rate of chemical reactions. contain C, O, H, N and usually S examples: muscles, hair, cartilage, nails

3 Proteins Enzymes are proteins which function to control the rate of chemical reactions. 3D protein structure PROTEINS complex organic compounds made up of amino acids needed for the body to function properly Enzymes are proteins which function to control the rate of chemical reactions. contain C, O, H, N and usually S examples: muscles, hair, cartilage, nails

4 Proteins contain C, O, H, N and usually S
examples: muscles, hair, cartilage, nails 3D protein structure PROTEINS complex organic compounds made up of amino acids needed for the body to function properly Enzymes are proteins which function to control the rate of chemical reactions. contain C, O, H, N and usually S examples: muscles, hair, cartilage, nails

5 and an “R” group which varies in the different amino acids
Proteins are made up of an amino group a carboxyl group and an “R” group which varies in the different amino acids C H R H N O OH C C H N O OH C OH H N O PROTEINS are made up of an amino group (boxes the amino group in a general molecular structure) a carboxyl group (boxes the carboxyl group in a general molecular structure) and an “R” group which varies in the different amino acids (boxes the R group in a general molecular structure) (shows an alanine molecular structure) (shows a serine molecular structure) Alanine Serine

6 Proteins Elements: C, H, O, N, S Monomer: Amino Acids (20) Structure:
“R” is the functional group that varies

7 Building Proteins Amino acids are joined together through dehydration synthesis to make a protein. N H O R C N H O R C

8 Building Proteins Amino acids are joined together through dehydration synthesis to make a protein. N H O R C N H O R C

9 Building Proteins Amino acids are joined together through dehydration synthesis to make a protein. N H O R C N H O R C

10 Building Proteins Amino acids are joined together through dehydration synthesis to make a protein. N H O R C N H O R C

11 Building Proteins Amino acids are joined together through dehydration synthesis to make a protein. N H O R C N H O R C

12 Building Proteins Amino acids are joined together through dehydration synthesis to make a protein. N H O R C N H O R C

13 Building Proteins Amino acids are joined together through dehydration synthesis to make a protein. N H O R C N H O R C H O

14 Building Proteins Amino acids are joined together through dehydration synthesis to make a protein. N H O R C N H O R C H O

15 Building Proteins Amino acids are joined together through dehydration synthesis to make a protein. N H O R C N H O R C H O

16 Building Proteins Amino acids are joined together through dehydration synthesis to make a protein. N H O R C N H O R C H O

17 Building Proteins Amino acids are joined together through dehydration synthesis to make a protein. N H O R C N H O R C Peptide Bond H O

18 Building Proteins Amino acids will continue to be added until the protein is complete. The newly formed protein is called a polypeptide. Proteins are different combinations of the 20 amino acids. Polypeptide Amino Acid Peptide Bond

19 Functions of Proteins Proteins are a major structural component for living organisms (ex. muscle) Proteins function as enzymes to carry out chemical reactions in the body.

20 Functions of Proteins Some hormones are protein. (peptide hormones)
Proteins also function to transport or carry substances in and out of cells. Cell membrane channel protein

21 Protein Review What is the monomer (subunit) for protein? amino acids
What are the functions of protein? structure or support; enzymes speed up chemical reactions Name examples of proteins. PROTEIN REVIEW What is the monomer (subunit) for protein? amino acids What are the functions of protein? structure or support; enzymes speed up chemical reactions Name examples of proteins. muscles, hair, cartilage, nails muscles, hair, cartilage, nails

22 Nucleic Acids Major Organic Compounds

23 Nucleic Acids very large linear molecules contain C, H, N, O, P
nucleotide Nucleic Acids sugar phosphate nitrogen base very large linear molecules sugar phosphate nitrogen base contain C, H, N, O, P store genetic information, help to make proteins NUCLEIC ACIDS very large linear molecules made up of nucleotides containing C, H, N, O, P store genetic information, help to make proteins examples: DNA and RNA DNA molecule

24 Nucleic Acids Draw This Made up of a Nucleotide 3. 1. Phosphate Group
Sugar (Dexoyribose or Ribose) Nitrogen Base 2. Draw This H H2 H3 O C N P 1. 2. 3.

25 Nucleic Acids examples: DNA and RNA nitrogen base sugar phosphate
nucleotide Nucleic Acids sugar phosphate nitrogen base sugar phosphate nitrogen base examples: DNA and RNA NUCLEIC ACIDS very large linear molecules made up of nucleotides containing C, H, N, O, P store genetic information, help to make proteins examples: DNA and RNA DNA molecule

26 Nucleic Acids There are 4 different nitrogen bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine 1. 2. 3. Nucleotides, when joined together by dehydration synthesis, make either DNA or RNA

27 Functions of Nucleic Acids
Store genetic code (ATCG) - DNA Remember, all living organisms share a universal genetic code! Help make proteins (RNA)

28 Nucleic Acid Review What is the monomer (subunit) for nucleic acids?
nucleotides What are the compounds in a nucleotide? sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base What are the functions of nucleic acids? NUCLEIC ACID REVIEW What is the monomer (subunit) for nucleic acids? nucleotides What are the compounds in a nucleotide? sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base What are the functions of nucleic acids? store genetic information, help to make proteins Name examples of nucleic acid. DNA, RNA store genetic information, help to make proteins Name examples of nucleic acid. DNA, RNA

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