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Chemsheets AS006 (Electron arrangement)
23/02/2019 SHAPES OF MOLECULES AS Jul-12
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BASIC IDEAS Shapes of molecules and ions depends on total number of electron pairs around the central atom. Two types of electron pairs: Bonding pairs (i.e. e-’s in a covalent bond) Non-bonding pairs (i.e. lone pairs) These electron pairs repel as far as possible (but lone pairs repel more than bonding pairs).
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Very useful website (all rotateable)
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2 ELECTRON PAIRS electron pairs bonding pairs lone pairs shape 2
linear
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2 bonding pairs linear
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3 ELECTRON PAIRS electron pairs bonding pairs lone pairs shape 3
Trigonal planar 2 1 Bent (V-shape)
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3 bonding pairs Trigonal planar
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2 bonding pair + 1 lone pair
Bent
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4 electron pairs tetrahedral
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3 electron pairs + 1 lone pair
trigonal pyramid
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2 bonding pairs + 2 lone pairs
bent
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4 ELECTRON PAIRS electron pairs bonding pairs lone pairs shape 4
Tetrahedral 3 1 Pyramidal 2 Bent (V-shape)
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5 ELECTRON PAIRS electron pairs bonding pairs lone pairs shape 5
Trigonal bipyramidal 4 1 3 2 Trigonal planar or T-shape
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5 electron pairs Trigonal bipyramidal
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4 bonding pairs + 1 lone pair
Seesaw
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3 bonding pairs + 2 lone pairs
T-shape
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6 ELECTRON PAIRS electron pairs bonding pairs lone pairs shape 6
Octahedral 5 1 Distorted square pyramid 4 2 Square planar
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6 electron pairs octahedral
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5 bonding pairs + 1 lone pairs
square pyramid
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4 bonding pairs + 2 lone pairs
square planar
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http://www. lsbu. ac. uk/php-cgiwrap/biology/pfpb. php3
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