1. Climate Verses Weather
Is there a difference?

2. Climate Vs. Weather Climate Long-term weather patterns of an area
Current state of the troposphere
Short term variations

3. Climatology
The study of Earth’s climate and the factors that affect past, present, and future climatic changes

4. Normals Standard values for a location
Average values over a long period of time

5. Longitude and Latitude Lines:

6. What Causes Different Climates?
Topography
Coastal Regions, areas near water, are warmer in the winter and cooler in the summer
Latitude

7. Latitude
The latitude lines are all parallel lines running east to west and they are numbered from 0 to 90 degrees increasing from the equator to the North Pole (0 to -90 degrees towards the South Pole). You cannot see latitude lines on the ground. They are just a way of measuring how far north or south of the equator something is on a map or globe model.

8. Arctic Circle Tropic of Cancer Equator Tropic of Capricorn
Latitude
Equator
Tropic of Capricorn
Tropic of Cancer
Arctic Circle
Antarctic Circle
66.5° N
23.5° N
23.5° S
66.5° S 0°

9. Latitude
Polar
Temperate
Tropics
Tropics
Temperate
Polar

10. Climate Regions Tropics Temperate Polar
Most solar radiation, generally warm
Between Tropics of Capricorn and Cancer
Temperate
Between 23.5 and 66.5 North and South
Mild temperatures
Polar
66.5 North and South to the Poles
Cold Temperatures

11. Koeppen Classification System
Classified based on temperature and amount of precipitation
Tropical
Dry
Mild
Continental
Polar

12. Climate Change

13. Long-Term Climatic Change
Climates change over extremely long periods of time
Ice Ages – Periods of extensive glacial coverage
Most recent ended
10,000 years ago
Temps dropped 5°C

14. Short-Term Climatic Change
Caused by regular variations in daylight, temp, and weather patterns
Examples:
Seasons
El Nino (Warm ocean current)