1. Chapter 1: An Introduction to Physiology

2. Helped to define physiology
The power of nature
Hippocrates ( B.C.)
The healing power of nature
Aristotle ( B.C.) with bust of Homer

3. Physiology is:
the study of the functions of a living organisms and its component parts.

4. Function versus Process
Why RBC carry O2?
How does RBC carry O2?
Mechanistic
Teleological

5. Physiology covers: atoms to species

6. Physiology is divided into 10 physiological systems.

7. Find the 10 systems!

8. A balance exists between and within external and internal environments.

9. Loss of balance
Balance

10. Scientific Inquiry and Presentation (These concepts will be used in our lab experiments.)

11. Scientific Inquiry Observation Experimentation Presentation of Data
Hypothesis
Experimentation
Control and treatment
Presentation of Data
graphs

12. Let’s illustrate scientific inquiry.

13. Researchers have observed that the prostate cancer is a common cancer among all men but incidence of prostate cancer varies by ethnicity.

14. First the state an hypothesis.

15. Hypotheses may include the following concepts
Diet may influence onset
Environmental exposure to carcinogens: smoking
DNA mutations

16. Population based Experimental Designs
Prospective study
Cross sectional study
Retrospective study

17. Experimental Terms and Concepts
What would be an experiment?
What is a control group?
What is a treatment group?
What is a placebo effect?
What is a nocebo effect?
What is a blind experiment?
What is a double blind experiment

18. How might you “present” data?

19. Dependent= onset of puberty
Independent variable: “altered/manipulated variable” = % fat

20. Do all data establish a scientific theory?
Why or why not?

21. What then is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?
Can a theory be disproven?

22. Geocentric vs. heliocentric view
1500 years passed
Ptolemy
140 A.D.
Copernicus
1580

23. Concepts covered: Definition of physiology
Names of physiological systems
Dependent and Independent Variables
Terms
Homeostasis
Scientific inquiry