1. When Cancer Cells Are Given Lemo[NH3]s, They Make Lemo[NH3]ade
Mengrou Shan, Costas A. Lyssiotis 
Cell Metabolism 
Volume 26, Issue 6, Pages (December 2017)
DOI: /j.cmet
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1 Ammonia Capture in ER+ Breast Cancer
In the first step of glutaminolysis, glutaminases (GLS) catalyze the conversion of glutamine (Gln) to glutamate (Glu) by releasing the amide group as ammonia/ammonium (NH3/NH4+). Glu can further be converted to alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG) by loss of the amino group, either via glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) through the oxidative deamination of Glu, or via transaminase-mediated transfer. Reciprocally, NH4+ can be assimilated through the reductive amination of αKG catalyzed by GDH or through the amidation of Glu via glutamate synthetase (GS). Asp, aspartate; BCAAs, branched-chain amino acids; Pro, proline.
Cell Metabolism  , DOI: ( /j.cmet )
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions