1. AUSTRALIAN ARMY CADETS RADIO OPERATORS COURSE
CADET ADVANCED
RADIO OPERATORS COURSE
This presentation corresponds to Chapter 1 of the AAC CADET INSTRUCTOR
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS HANDBOOK
This course has been designed, written and developed by LTCOL(AAC) G.R. Newman-Martin, CSM, RFD.
©LTCOL(AAC) G.R. NEWMAN-MARTIN, 2011
©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2004

2. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2004

3. Topic 1
©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2004

4. Topic 1 RADIO COMMUNICATION
This presentation refers to Chapter 1 of the Instructor Notes
RADIO
COMMUNICATION
©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2004

5. I N T R O D U C T I O N
©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2004

6. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
I N T R O D U C T I O N
T O R A T E L
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2004

7. WHAT IS A RADIO SET?
RADIO SET AN/PRC-77
©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2004

8. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIOTELEPHONE
A RADIO SET - OR RADIOTELEPHONE - IS
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

9. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIOTELEPHONE
A RADIO SET - OR RADIOTELEPHONE - IS
A TRANSMITTER – to send messages
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

10. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIOTELEPHONE
A RADIO SET - OR RADIOTELEPHONE - IS
A TRANSMITTER – to send messages
PLUS A RECEIVER – to receive messages
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

11. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIOTELEPHONY
RADIOTELEPHONY IS THE TECHNIQUE OF
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

12. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT IS RADIOTELEPHONY?
RADIOTELEPHONY IS THE TECHNIQUE OF HUMAN VOICE COMMUNICATION
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

13. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIOTELEPHONY
RADIOTELEPHONY IS THE TECHNIQUE OF HUMAN VOICE COMMUNICATION
BY MEANS OF RADIO SIGNALS,
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

14. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIOTELEPHONY
RADIOTELEPHONY IS THE TECHNIQUE OF HUMAN VOICE COMMUNICATION
BY MEANS OF RADIO SIGNALS,
USING RADIO SETS.
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

15. RADIO COMMUNICATIONS ARE…..
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2004

16. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS ARE…..
VOICE COMMUNICATIONS – SENT BY RADIO -
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

17. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS ARE…..
VOICE COMMUNICATIONS – SENT BY RADIO - USED TO:
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

18. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS ARE…..
VOICE COMMUNICATIONS – SENT BY RADIO - USED TO:
DISCUSS SUBJECTS
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

19. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS ARE…..
VOICE COMMUNICATIONS – SENT BY RADIO -USED TO:
DISCUSS SUBJECTS
ASK/ANSWER QUESTIONS
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

20. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS ARE…..
VOICE COMMUNICATIONS – SENT BY RADIO -USED TO:
DISCUSS SUBJECTS
ASK/ANSWER QUESTIONS
EXCHANGE INFORMATION
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

21. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
MESSAGE TYPES
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

22. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
MESSAGE TYPES
INFORMAL MESSAGE
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

23. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
MESSAGE TYPES
INFORMAL MESSAGE CONVEYS FACTUAL INFORMATION WITHOUT DISCUSSION
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

24. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
MESSAGE TYPES
FORMAL MESSAGE
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

25. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
MESSAGE TYPES
FORMAL MESSAGE MUST BE WRITTEN DOWN ON MESSAGE FORM, SIGNED, REGISTERED, FILED
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

26. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY USE
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS?
.The aim of this presentation is to discuss frequency management in the ADF and detail agencies and processes involved in frequency management focussing primarily with Army .
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2004

27. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY ARE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS USED IN AAC ACTIVITIES?
COMMAND
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

28. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY ARE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS USED IN AAC ACTIVITIES?
COMMAND
CONTROL
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

29. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY ARE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS USED IN AAC ACTIVITIES?
COMMAND
CONTROL
CO-ORDINATION
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

30. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY ARE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS USED IN AAC ACTIVITIES?
COMMAND
CONTROL
CO-ORDINATION
COMMUNICATIONS
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

31. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY ARE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS USED IN AAC ACTIVITIES?
COMMAND
CONTROL
CO-ORDINATION
COMMUNICATIONS
INFORMATION TRANSFER
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

32. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY ARE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS USED IN AAC ACTIVITIES?
COMMAND
CONTROL
CO-ORDINATION
COMMUNICATIONS
INFORMATION TRANSFER
SAFETY
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

33. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY ARE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS USED IN AAC ACTIVITIES?
COMMAND
CONTROL
CO-ORDINATION
COMMUNICATIONS
INFORMATION TRANSFER
SAFETY
EMERGENCIES
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

34. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY ARE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS USED IN AAC ACTIVITIES?
COMMAND
CONTROL
CO-ORDINATION
COMMUNICATIONS
INFORMATION TRANSFER
SAFETY
EMERGENCIES
TRAINING
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

35. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
CADET
RADIO OPERATOR
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

36. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT IS A CADET RADIO OPERATOR?
A CADET RADIO OPERATOR IS AN AAC CADET WHO:
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

37. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT IS A CADET RADIO OPERATOR?
A CADET RADIO OPERATOR IS AN AAC CADET WHO:
HAS BEEN TRAINED IN RATEL PROCEDURES
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

38. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT IS A CADET RADIO OPERATOR?
A CADET RADIO OPERATOR IS AN AAC CADET WHO:
HAS BEEN TRAINED IN RATEL PROCEDURES AND CORRECT OPERATION OF RADIO EQUIPMENT
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

39. WHAT IS A CADET RADIO OPERATOR?
A CADET RADIO OPERATOR IS AN AAC CADET WHO:
HAS BEEN TRAINED IN RATEL PROCEDURES AND CORRECT OPERATION OF RADIO EQUIPMENT
HAS DEMONSTRATED THE COMPETENCIES
TO ACT AS A RADIO OPERATOR ON AN AAC
RADIO NET

40. COMMAND POST RADIO OPERATOR
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

41. NET CONTROL STATION RADIO OPERATOR
COMMAND POST
RADIO OPERATOR OR
NET CONTROL STATION RADIO OPERATOR
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

42. NET CONTROL STATION RADIO OPERATOR (CDT NCS RADIO OP)
COMMAND POST
RADIO OPERATOR OR
NET CONTROL STATION RADIO OPERATOR
(CDT NCS RADIO OP)
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

43. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT IS A CADET NET CONTROL STATION (NCS) RADIO OPERATOR?
A CADET NCS RADIO OPERATOR IS A CADET RADIO OPERATOR WHO:
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

44. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT IS A CADET NET CONTROL STATION (NCS) RADIO OPERATOR?
A CADET NCS RADIO OPERATOR IS A CADET RADIO OPERATOR WHO:
HAS RECEIVED ADDITIONAL, SPECIALIST RATEL TRAINING
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

45. WHAT IS A CADET NET CONTROL STATION (NCS) RADIO OPERATOR?
A CADET NCS RADIO OPERATOR IS A CADET RADIO OPERATOR WHO:
HAS RECEIVED ADDITIONAL, SPECIALIST RATEL TRAINING
HAS DEMONSTRATED THE COMPETENCIES TO DIRECT AND CONTROL RADIO TRAFFIC ON AN AAC RADIO NET

46. NET CONTROL STATION (NCS)
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

47. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT DOES THE NCS DO?
THE NET CONTROL STATION (NCS) IS:
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

48. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT DOES THE NCS DO?
THE NET CONTROL STATION (NCS) IS:
IN CHARGE OF DIRECTING AND CONTROLLING RADIO TRAFFIC ON THE NET
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

49. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT DOES THE NCS DO?
THE NET CONTROL STATION (NCS) IS:
IN CHARGE OF DIRECTING AND CONTROLLING RADIO TRAFFIC ON THE NET
IN CHARGE OF NET DISCIPLINE
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

50. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIO DISCIPLINE
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

51. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY IS RADIO DISCIPLINE NEEDED?
RADIO INTERFERENCE CAN RESULT IN MISUNDERSTOOD MESSAGES
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

52. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY IS RADIO DISCIPLINE NEEDED?
TO MAKE THE NET WORK EFFECTIVELY…..
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

53. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
STANDARD
RATEL PROCEDURE
KNOWN BY ALL USERS
MUST BE USED
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

54. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RATEL PROCEDURE
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

55. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT IS RATEL PROCEDURE?
RATEL PROCEDURE IS:
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

56. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT IS RATEL PROCEDURE?
RATEL PROCEDURE IS:
A SET OF SIMPLE RULES FOR RADIOTELEPHONY
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

57. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT IS RATEL PROCEDURE?
RATEL PROCEDURE IS:
A SET OF SIMPLE RULES FOR RADIOTELEPHONY, BASED ON:
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

58. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT IS RATEL PROCEDURE?
RATEL PROCEDURE IS:
A SET OF SIMPLE RULES FOR RADIOTELEPHONY, BASED ON:
SECURITY
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

59. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT IS RATEL PROCEDURE?
RATEL PROCEDURE IS:
A SET OF SIMPLE RULES FOR RADIOTELEPHONY, BASED ON
SECURITY
ACCURACY
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

60. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHAT IS RATEL PROCEDURE?
RATEL PROCEDURE IS:
A SET OF SIMPLE RULES FOR RADIOTELEPHONY, BASED ON
SECURITY
ACCURACY
DISCIPLINE
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

61. WHAT IS RATEL PROCEDURE?
RATEL PROCEDURE IS:
A SET OF SIMPLE RULES FOR RADIOTELEPHONY, BASED ON
SECURITY
ACCURACY
DISCIPLINE
‘SAD’

62. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RATEL IS IS
SAD
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

63. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
STANDARD
RATEL PROCEDURES
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

64. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY ARE STANDARD OPERATING RADIO PROCEDURES USED?
ONLY APPROVED STANDARD RADIO OPERATING PROCEDURES ARE TO BE USED
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

65. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY ARE STANDARD OPERATING RADIO PROCEDURES USED?
ONLY APPROVED STANDARD RADIO OPERATING PROCEDURES ARE TO BE USED
THIS IS TO OBTAIN SECURITY, ACCURACY, AND DISCIPLINE
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

66. ONLY APPROVED STANDARD RADIO OPERATING PROCEDURES ARE TO BE USED
WHY ARE STANDARD OPERATING RADIO PROCEDURES USED?
ONLY APPROVED STANDARD RADIO OPERATING PROCEDURES ARE TO BE USED
THIS IS TO OBTAIN SECURITY, ACCURACY, AND DISCIPLINE
FRIVOLOUS USE OF RADIO COMMUNICATIONS IS PROHIBITED

67. L ONLY APPROVED STANDARD RADIO OPERATING PROCEDURES ARE TO BE USED
WHY ARE STANDARD OPERATING RADIO PROCEDURES USED?
ONLY APPROVED STANDARD RADIO OPERATING PROCEDURES ARE TO BE USED
THIS IS TO OBTAIN SECURITY, ACCURACY, AND DISCIPLINE
FRIVOLOUS USE OF RADIO COMMUNICATIONS IS PROHIBITED L

68. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY MUST WE USE STANDARD RATEL PROCEDURES?
UNAUTHORISED DEPARTURES FROM
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

69. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY MUST WE USE STANDARD RATEL PROCEDURES?
UNAUTHORISED DEPARTURES FROM – OR VARIATIONS TO –
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

70. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY MUST WE USE STANDARD RATEL PROCEDURES?
UNAUTHORISED DEPARTURES FROM – OR VARIATIONS TO – CORRECT RADIO PROCEDURE:
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

71. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY MUST WE USE STANDARD RATEL PROCEDURES?
UNAUTHORISED DEPARTURES FROM – OR VARIATIONS TO – CORRECT RADIO PROCEDURE:
CREATE CONFUSION
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

72. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY MUST WE USE STANDARD RATEL PROCEDURES?
UNAUTHORISED DEPARTURES FROM – OR VARIATIONS TO – CORRECT RADIUO PROCEDURE:
CREATE CONFUSION
REDUCE ACCURACY
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

73. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY MUST WE USE STANDARD RATEL PROCEDURES?
UNAUTHORISED DEPARTURES FROM – OR VARIATIONS TO – CORRECT RADIUO PROCEDURE:
CREATE CONFUSION
REDUCE ACCURACY
REDUCE SPEED
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

74. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
WHY MUST WE USE STANDARD RATEL PROCEDURES?
UNAUTHORISED DEPARTURES FROM – OR VARIATIONS TO – CORRECT RADIUO PROCEDURE:
CREATE CONFUSION
REDUCE ACCURACY
REDUCE SPEED
TEND TO NULLIFY SECURITY PRECAUTIONS
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

75. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIO DISCIPLINE
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2004

76. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIO DISCIPLINE INCLUDES
CORRECT USE OF RATEL PROCEDURE
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

77. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIO DISCIPLINE INCLUDES
CORRECT USE OF RATEL PROCEDURE
USE OF THE CORRECT FREQUENCY
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

78. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RADIO DISCIPLINE INCLUDES
CORRECT USE OF RATEL PROCEDURE
USE OF THE CORRECT FREQUENCY
A CONSTANT RADIO WATCH BY ALL STATIONS AT ALL TIMES
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

79. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
RULES FOR
RADIO DISCIPLINE
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

80. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
REMEMBER
ONLY ONE PERSON CAN SPEAK AT A TIME,
SO:
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

81. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
REMEMBER
ONLY ONE PERSON CAN SPEAK AT A TIME,
SO:
LISTEN BEFORE SPEAKING
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

82. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
REMEMBER
ONLY ONE PERSON CAN SPEAK AT A TIME,
SO:
LISTEN BEFORE SPEAKING
LEAVE A SHORT PAUSE AT THE END OF A CONVERSATION
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

83. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
REMEMBER
ONLY ONE PERSON CAN SPEAK AT A TIME,
SO:
LISTEN BEFORE SPEAKING
LEAVE A SHORT PAUSE AT THE END OF A CONVERSATION
ANSWER ALL CALLS IMMEDIATELY
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

84. REMEMBER ONLY ONE PERSON CAN SPEAK AT A TIME, SO:
LISTEN BEFORE SPEAKING
LEAVE A SHORT PAUSE AT THE END OF A CONVERSATION
ANSWER ALL CALLS IMMEDIATELY
ENSURE THE RADIO RETURNS TO RECEIVE AFTER EACH TRANSMISSION

85. RULES FOR SPEAKING CLEARLY ON THE RADIO

86. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
SPEAKING CLEARLY
SPEAK CLEARLY ON THE RADIO:
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

87. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
SPEAKING CLEARLY
SPEAK CLEARLY ON THE RADIO:
DO NOT SLUR WORDS
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

88. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
SPEAKING CLEARLY
SPEAK CLEARLY ON THE RADIO:
DO NOT SLUR WORDS
DO NOT DROP IN VOLUME – PARTICULARLY AT END OF PHRASES, WORDS & SENTENCES
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

89. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
SPEAKING CLEARLY
SPEAK CLEARLY ON THE RADIO:
DO NOT SLUR WORDS
DO NOT DROP IN VOLUME – PARTICULARLY AT END OF PHRASES, WORDS & SENTENCES
PUT NATURAL EMPHASIS ON EACH WORD, EXCEPT FOR PRESCRIBED PRONUNCIATIONS OF FIGURES
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

90. SPEAKING CLEARLY SPEAK CLEARLY ON THE RADIO: DO NOT SLUR WORDS
DO NOT DROP IN VOLUME – PARTICULARLY AT END OF PHRASES, WORDS & SENTENCES
PUT NATURAL EMPHASIS ON EACH WORD, EXCEPT FOR PRESCRIBED PRONUNCIATIONS OF FIGURES
DIVIDE TRANSMISSIONS INTO NATURAL, SENSIBLE PHRASES – DO NOT SPEAK WORD BY WORD

91. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
SPEAKING CLEARLY
RHYTHM - Natural
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

92. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
SPEAKING CLEARLY
RHYTHM - Natural
SPEED - Slower
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

93. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
SPEAKING CLEARLY
RHYTHM - Natural
SPEED - Slower
VOLUME - Natural
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

94. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
SPEAKING CLEARLY
RHYTHM - Natural
SPEED - Slower
VOLUME - Natural
PITCH Higher
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

95. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
SPEAKING CLEARLY
RHYTHM - Natural
SPEED - Slower
VOLUME - Natural
PITCH Higher
MICROPHONE - Close to mouth
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

96. SPEAKING CLEARLY RHYTHM - Natural SPEED - Slower VOLUME - Natural
PITCH Higher
MICROPHONE - Close to mouth
RSVP-M

97. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
CONFIRMATION
NOT ME
THAT ONE WAS N’T MINE
I LOST MY PLACE
I DON'T KNOW
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011

98. ©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011
INSTRUCTOR
ANY
QUESTIONS?
©LTCOL G.R. Newman-Martin 2011