1. 8.2
Slavery and Abolition
Slavery becomes an explosive issue, as more Americans join reformers working to put an end to it.
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2. I. Abolitionists Speak Out2
SECTION
I. Abolitionists Speak Out
A. The Resettlement Question
1820s antislavery societies advocate resettlement in Africa, few free blacks emigrate
Whites join blacks calling for abolition, outlawing of slavery
B. William Lloyd Garrison
• radical white abolitionist; founds:
- New England Anti-Slavery Society
- American Anti-Slavery Society
• The Liberator - immediate emancipation— freeing of slaves
Continued . . .
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3. C. Free Blacks D. Frederick Douglass 2
SECTION
C. Free Blacks
• David Walker advises blacks to fight for freedom, not wait to get it
• Southern free blacks work as day laborers, artisans
• Northern free blacks given only lowest-paying jobs
D. Frederick Douglass
• As a slave, taught to read, write by owner’s wife
• escapes; asked to lecture for Anti-Slavery Society
• The North Star: abolition through political action
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4. II. Life Under Slavery A. The Slave Population B. Rural Slavery 2
SECTION
II. Life Under Slavery
A. The Slave Population
Population increases 1810
(1.2 million) / 1830 (2 million)
By 1830, majority are
American born, work on
plantations or large farms
B. Rural Slavery
On plantations, slaves work
dawn to dusk in fields
Slaves are whipped, have
little time for food, no breaks
for rest
Continued . . .
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5. D. Nat Turner’s Rebellion 2
SECTION
C. Urban Slavery
Slave owners hire out their
workers to factory owners
Slaves in cities treated less
cruel than plantations
D. Nat Turner’s Rebellion
• preacher, leads slave
rebellion; about 60 whites
killed
• Turner, followers, innocent
are captured; 200 killed in
retaliation
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6. III. Slave Owners Defend Slavery2
SECTION
III. Slave Owners Defend Slavery
A. Backlash from Revolts
Southern states create slave codes to tighten limits on blacks
Free African Americans as well as slaves lose rights
B. Proslavery Defenses
Slavery advocates use Bible, myth of happy slave as defense
Southern congressmen secure adoption of gag rule:
- limits or prevents debate
- used on issue of slavery
- deprives citizens of right to be heard
Continued . . .
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