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Interest groups Chapter 10.

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1 Interest groups Chapter 10

2 Interest Groups Interest groups share policy goals and enter the policy process at several points. Interest groups are policy specialists; political parties policy generalists. Interest groups are a linkage institution between people and government.

3 Reputation of Interest Groups
Federalist Paper #10 warns against factions. Dishonest lobbyists get more press than honest ones. Lobbying has negative connotations.

4 Pluralism Politics is mainly competition among groups, each pressing for its own preferred policies. Many centers of power and many diverse, competing groups. No group wins or loses all the time.

5 Elitism Societies are divided along class lines and the upper-class elite will rule. Power is not equally divided among groups, some have much more. Largest corporations and unions hold the most power.

6 Iron Triangles and Issue Networks
Iron triangles are formed in specific policy areas among congressional committees, agencies, and interest groups. Issue networks are groups that are connected through a policy issue.

7 Interest Group Influence
Free-Rider problem: Some people don’t join interest groups because they benefit from group’s activities without officially joining. Interest groups have unequal resources Some groups have more access to decision makers

8 What Makes an Interest Group Successful?
Intensity Single-Issue groups: Groups that focus on a narrow interest and dislike compromise. emotional issue, psychological advantage. more likely to use protests and other means of political participation than traditional interest groups that use lobbyists.

9 What Makes an Interest Group Successful?
Financial Resources Monetary donations usually translate into access to politicians, like phone calls and meetings. Wealthier groups don’t always win in the policy arena.

10 Lobbying Meeting with a governmental decision maker in the hope of influencing his or her decision.

11 Lobbying Lobbyists provide information.
Lobbyists can help politicians plan strategies for legislation. Lobbyists can help politicians plan political strategies for reelection campaigns. Lobbyists can provide ideas and innovations that can be turned into policies for which the politician can take credit.

12 Getting Public Support
Groups try to cultivate a good public image. Groups use marketing strategies to influence public opinion. Groups purchase advertising to motivate the public about an issue. Groups use grassroots lobbying to get members to advocate on behalf of their interest.

13 Electioneering Direct group involvement in election process.
Political Action Committee (PAC): are created by corporations and unions to donate money directly to candidates. 527s and 501(C)(3)s are used to generate independent expenditures. Groups may give to both sides. Groups can help with campaign strategy.

14 Litigation Class Action lawsuits permit small groups file on behalf of a much larger group. Interest groups can file amicus curiae briefs in court cases to support position.

15 Conventional Participation
• Voting • Letter writing • Contact Representatives • Working on Campaigns • Campaign Contributions

16 Unconventional Participation
Boycotts Protests Sit-ins Violence

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