1. Setting a common vision of culture in Jordan –
A national consultative workshop in partnership with the Ministry of Culture-Jordan
National Consultative Workshop

2. The multiple dimensions of the cultural sector and its contributions to the development of societies
N. Lahbil Tagemouati
Amman, mai 2016

3. Culture & development- few data
The sector, broadly considered, accounted for 3.4% of global GDP in 2007 = almost double international tourism receipts.
The cultural and creative industries contribute around 2.6% of the total GDP in the E.U and 6.4% in the US
the creative and cultural industries are one of the most dynamic and rapidly expanding sectors in the global economy,
The demand and consumption of cultural and creative products and media services is also expanding exponentially, driven by the increasing importance of digital and mobile distribution and the changes in the ways culture is being created and distributed.
Source: UNESCO

4. Contents I. Introduction & Definition of notions:
Development / growth
Cultural sector
Cultural goods and services
II. The UNESCO Culture for Development Indicators (CDIS)
Culture: 7 dimensions & 22 indicators.
III. Stakes of culture and it’s relationship with economical field

5. I. Definition: Development &Growth
‘’ …the process of enlarging people’s choice (that…) enhances the effective freedom of the people involved to pursue whatever they have reason to value.’’
Growth: increase, during a long term, of the Gross Domestic Product .

6. Cultural Sector : wide & slippery boundaries.
Why the UNESCO definition?
International institution.
Many conventions about culture and diversity.
A wide and comprehensive framework for culture.

7. UNESCO- CONVENTION ON THE PROTECTION AND PROMOTION OF THE DIVERSITY OF CULTURAL EXPRESSIONS - PREAMBLE- Paris 2005/10/20
Preamble
Recognizing the importance of intellectual property rights in sustaining those involved in cultural creativity
Being convinced that cultural activities, goods and services have both an economic and a cultural nature, because they convey identities, values and meanings, and must therefore not be treated as solely having commercial value,

8. Convention on the Protection and Promotion of Diversity of Cultural Expressions - UNESCO 2005
Objectives:
(f) reaffirm the importance of the link between culture and development for all countries, particularly for developing countries, and to support actions undertaken nationally and internationally to secure recognition of the true value of this link;
(g) give recognition to the distinctive nature of cultural activities, goods and services as vehicles of identity, values and meaning;

9. Definition of the culture sector
A double definition: anthropological/sociological and functional
Culture is a set of faiths, customs, values, practices which are common or shared by a group.
It has to do with 3 elements:
The concerned activities are related to a certain creativity in their production.
The activities have something to do with the production and the communication of symbols.
The activities have, at least potentially, a certain shape of intellectual property.

10. Definition of cultural goods & services
Cultural goods and services: it’s goods and services that are different from economical goods and services because they include aesthetic, artistic, symbolic and spiritual values.

11. II. Culture sector: 7 dimensions & 22 Indicators
(UNESCO Framework)

12. Household expenditures
Cultural sector
Economy
GDP
Household expenditures
Employment
Social
Education
Governance
Social participation
Gender Equality
Communication
Heritage

13. Cultural & Economic fields:
Discourses and logics that are different.

14. Household expenditures
Economy
GDP
Employment
Household expenditures
Education
Inclusive education
Multilingual education
Arts education
Professional training
Governance
Standard setting framework
Policy & institutional Framework
Infrastructure
Civil society in governance
Interpersonal trust
Social
Participation
Going out participation
Identity- building participation
Intercultural trust
Gender Equity
Gender equity outputs
Gender equity perception
communication
Freedom of expression
Internet use
Diversity of media content
Cultural Heritage
Heritage sustainability

15. 7 dimensions
That mesure the ….
Economy
Contribution of the cultural sector to the economical development.
Education
Priority given by public authorities to support an education system that offers the broadest possible coverage, values diversity and openness, and promotes a competitive and creative class
Governance
Public commitment towards creating the conditions to structure the cultural sector , strengthen cultural processes, and promote diversity of views and voice.
Social
Participation
Way in which cultural practices, values and attitudes may orient behavior, inclusion, cooperation and individual empowerment
Gender Equity
Objectives and subjective gaps between women and men in their opportunities and rights to take part in cultural social, economic and political life.
communication
Conditions of access, enjoyment of diverse content and freedom of expression
Cultural Heritage
Public commitment to set up and enforce standards, policies and measures to protect and promote heritage, while ensuring access and sustainability.

16. ICDU– 7 dimensions 7 dimensions That mesure the … Economy
GDP – Employment – Household expenditures
Education
Inclusive education, multilingual education, arts education, professional training
Governance
Standard setting framework, policy and institutional framework, infrastructure, civil society in governance.
Social participation
Going out participation, identity building participation, intercultural trust, interpersonal trust, self determination
Gender equality
Gender equality outputs, perception of gender equality
communication
Freedom of expression, internet use, diversity of media contents
Heritage
Heritage sustainability

17. Example: relationship between education and growth
It is estimated that each additional year of schooling raises average annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth by 0.37%.
Economic growth in Jordan
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
GDP Rate %
2,6
2,7
2,8
3,1
2,4

18. III. Stakes for culture.
Articulation, complementarity and tension between culture and economy.
Being aware about the whole contribution of the cultural sector to the development.
Culture is not only a luxury activities for rich people.
Communication about the very specific discourse of the culture.

19. Complementarity
Economy
Culture
Discourse of Culture
Discourse of the economy.
Social link
Cohesion
Identity
Values …
Market
Management
Profit …
Tension