1. Revolutions in the Arts
Ch. 8, Section 4

2. Romanticism
Definition: An early 19th century movement in art and thought, which focused on emotion and nature rather than reason and society.
A shift from Enlightened thinking.

3. The Ideas of Romanticism
Emphasized on inner feelings, emotions, and imagination
Focused on the mysterious and the supernatural; also on the odd, exotic, and grotesque or horrifying
Loved the beauties of untamed heroes and heroic actions
Idealized the past as simpler and nobler time
Cherished folk traditions, music, and stories
Valued the common people and the individual
Promoted radical change and democracy

4. How does this painting reflect Romanticism
How does this painting reflect Romanticism? (Napoleon Crossing the Alps – Jacques-Louis David)

5. How does this painting reflect Romanticism
How does this painting reflect Romanticism? (Stormy Sea with Lighthouse – Carl Blechen)

6. How does this painting reflect Romanticism?

7. Romanticism in Literature
Johann Wolfgang con Goethe
Published The Sorrows of Young Werther
“A novel that tells about a sensitive young man whose hopeless love for a virtuous married women drives him to suicide.”
YO-hahn VUHLF-gahng fuhn Ger-tuh
He’s a German romantic writer

8. Romanticism in Literature
Victor Hugo
His poems, plays, and novels reflect the romantic fascination with history and support for the individual.
His most famous novels were Les Miserables and The Hunchback of Notre Dame.
Both novels show the struggles of individuals against hostile society.
French Romantic Writer

9. Romanticism in Literature
Mary Shelley
Wrote the Gothic novel Frankenstein
Gothic literature became prevalent
Story about a monster made from the body parts of dead human beings.

10. Romanticism in Poetry
William Wordsworth

11. Romanticism in Poetry

12. Romantic Music Romanticism made music a popular art form.
Romantic composers moved away from the tightly controlled, formal compositions of the Enlightenment period.
As music became part of middle-class life, musicians and composers became popular heroes of romanticism.
One of these heroes was Ludwig van Beethoven
He started as an Enlightenment composer but then became one of the first Romanticism composers.
Emotion dominated the music he produced just like other romantic composers.

13. Shift to Realism Realism
Definition: A 19th century artistic movement in which writers and painters sought to show “life as it is” rather than life as it should be.
Rapid industrialization had a deep effect on everyday life in Europe and this change began to make the dreams of the romantics seem pointless.
Realism sought to describe workers’ suffering
Growing interest in Science and the Scientific Method helped lead to the shift as well.

14. How does this painting reflect Realism?

15. How does this painting reflect Realism?

16. Realism in Literature Charles Dickens
The most famous English realist novelist
Some of his writings were humorous, while others showed the despair of London’s working poor.
Example: A Christmas Carol and Oliver Twist

17. Impressionism
Impressionist painters reacted against the realistic style.
They sought to paint about their impression of a subject or moment in time.
They used bright colors in their paintings
Most famous painters:
Edouard Manet
Claude Monet
Edgar Degas
Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Mau-NAY, moh-NAY, duh-GAH, ruhn-WHAR

18. Example of Impressionism (Starry Night – Vincent Van Gogh) On display in MOMA in NYC

19. Example of Impressionism (Impression, Sunrise – Claude Monet) On display in Paris