1. What causes a foreign accent?

2. What causes a foreign accent? Transferring L1 sounds to L2

3. Foreign Accent What causes a foreign accent?
Transferring L1 sounds to L2
Why can’t people sound native?

4. Foreign Accent What causes a foreign accent?
Transferring L1 sounds to L2
Why can’t people sound native?
Critical period has past

5. Foreign Accent What causes a foreign accent?
Transferring L1 sounds to L2
Why can’t people sound native?
Critical period has past
Old articulatory habits are ingrained like writing with other hand

6. L1 is learned during critical period
L1 versus L2 Acquisition
L1 is learned during critical period

7. L1 versus L2 Acquisition L1 is learned during critical period
L1 is never resisted
L1 is learned by 24/7 meaningful interaction

8. L1 versus L2 Acquisition L1 is learned during critical period
L1 is never resisted
L1 is learned by 24/7 meaningful interaction
L1 is acquired subconsciously

9. L1 versus L2 Acquisition L1 is learned during critical period
L1 is never resisted
L1 is learned by 24/7 meaningful interaction
L1 is acquired subconsciously
L2 is often learned after critical period
L2 can be resisted
L2 is often learned with small amounts of dedicated time
L2 is acquired consciously

10. L1 versus L2 Acquisition
L1 speakers have no competing language in their head
L1 speakers remain fluent throughout life
L1 speakers know nothing of textbook grammar rules

11. L1 versus L2 Acquisition
L1 speakers have no competing language in their head
L1 speakers remain fluent throughout life
L1 speakers know nothing of textbook grammar rules
L2 speakers have competing language already
L2 speakers may backslide without practice
L2 speakers know a lot about textbook grammar

12. L1 versus L2 Acquisition
L1 speakers have no competing language in their head
L1 speakers remain fluent throughout life
L1 speakers know nothing of textbook grammar rules
L2 speakers have competing language already
L2 speakers may backslide without practice
L2 speakers know a lot about textbook grammar