1. America on the Homefront:
World War I --
America on the Homefront:
"The Poster War"

2. War
Mobilization

3. 1. Enlistment

4. Uncle Sam—He the Man!

5. Don’t Mess with the U. S.

6. “Huns Kill Women and Children!”

7. 1917 – Selective Service Act
Authorized a draft of young men into military service
By end of 1918 – 24,000,000 men registered for the draft.
4,800,000 men served in WW1 (2,000,000 saw active combat).
African-Americans - 400,000 served in segregated units.

8. How did the draft create controversy in American Society?
People questioned the legality
People were Court Marshaled
Some people refused to cooperate

9. Conscientious Objector
People whose moral or religious beliefs forbid them to fight in wars

10. 2. Expansion of the
Federal Government

11. How did our Economy shift now that we are at War?
We went from making consumer goods to making War goods

12. Managing the Economy War Industries Board – Food Administration –
Bernard Baruch
Oversaw entire war effort – in charge of the many gov’t administrations that regulated different parts of the economy
Controlled prices, production, and materials
Food Administration –
Herbert Hoover
Regulated food consumption, agricultural output, reduce waste
Fuel Administration –
Gasless days, daylight savings time

13. Hoover also instituted Wheatless Monday’s and Wednesday’s, Meatless Tuesday’s and Porkless Thursday’s and Saturday’s

14. Managing the Economy (cont’d)
National War Labor Board –
W.H.Taft & Frank P. Walsh
Mediated labor disputes to prevent work stoppages
War Trade Board –
Licensed foreign trade and punished those suspected of trading w/ the enemy
Why would both of these things be important to the war effort?

15. Financing the War Increased Taxes Liberty Bonds –
Bonds purchased could be redeemed later for the money paid plus interest
Related to Propaganda effort

16. U. S. Food Administration

17. U. S. Food Administration

18. U. S. Food Administration

19. National War Garden Commission

20. U. S. School Garden Army

21. The equivalent of a US School Garden Army was the Victory Garden which families had in their own backyards.
What was the purpose of this?

22. U. S. Shipping Board

23. U. S. Fuel Administration

24. U. S. Fuel Administration

25. Wartime
Propaganda

26. Committee of Public Information (George Creel)
Purposes –
Unite public behind war effort
Attract men to enlist in army
Influence citizens to actively support war effort (buy bonds, conserve, etc) and put pressure on others to refrain from anything considered anti-war

27. “Remember Belgium”

28. The “Mad Brute”

29. Beat Back the “Hun”

30. The “Menace of the Seas”

31. Attacks on
Civil Liberties

32. Government Excess & Threats to the Civil Liberties of Americans
Espionage Act – 1917
Forbade actions that obstructed recruitment or efforts to promote insubordination in the military.
Ordered the Postmaster General to remove Leftist materials from the mail.
Fines of up to $10,000 and/or up to 20 years in prison.

33. Government Excess & Threats to the Civil Liberties of Americans
2. Sedition Act – it was a crime to speak against the purchase of war bonds or willfully utter, print, write or publish any disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language about this form of US Govt., the US Constitution, or the US armed forces or to willfully urge, incite, or advocate any curtailment of production of things necessary or essential to the prosecution of the war…with intent of such curtailment to cripple or hinder, the US in the prosecution of the war.

34. New
Social/Economic
Opportunities

35. 1. Women

36. YWCA – The Blue Triangle

37. Munitions Work

38. The Girls They Left Behind Do Their Bit!

39. Women Used In Recruitment
Hello, Big Boy!

40. Even Grandma Buys Liberty Bonds

41. The Red Cross - Greatest Mother in the World

42. The Red Cross Nurse

43. National League for Woman’s Service

44. Women took on roles like doctors, nurses, ambulance drivers and clerks
Women took on roles like doctors, nurses, ambulance drivers and clerks. They proved they could succeed in any job, which helped convince Wilson to meet suffrage demands

45. 2. African-Americans

46. Opportunities for African-Americans in WW1
War industries work
“Great Migration.” – 1919  NORTH
Enlistment in segregated units.

47. True Sons of Freedom

48. For “Colored” Men in Service

49. African-Americans on a Troop Ship Headed for France

50. 3. New American
Immigrants

51. The “Flag of Liberty” Represents All of Us!

52. We are ALL Americans!

53. What was happening to German-Americans?
Highly discriminated against
Stopped teaching German’s in public high school
Was illegal in some places to speak German
Changed the names of some German foods like Sauerkraut to Liberty Cabbage

54. OVER THERE! WWI Anthem