1. Plants

2. Bell Ringer # 1
1. Which process below uses carbon dioxide and the sun’s radiant energy to produce chemical energy?
A Evaporation
B Photosynthesis
C Respiration
D Decomposition

3. 2. Some students grew plants of the same species in soils with different pH values. Their data are shown in the table above. The students hypothesized that these plants grow best in soil with a pH of 6.4 to 6.8. According to the data, which of the following best supports the hypothesis?
A Plants in Groups 5 and 6 grew the most.
B Plants in Groups 1 and 2 grew the most.
C Plants in Groups 3, 4, and 5 grew the most.
D Plants in Groups 2, 3, and 4 grew the most.

4. THE 3 DOMAINS & SIX KINGDOMS 4 4

5. Plant Characteristics
Multicellular
Autotrophic
Absorb sunlight to make glucose – Photosynthesis
Cell walls made of cellulose
Sessile
Growth, with increases in size and number of cells, is part of development.
Development involves many stages from conception until death.

6. Divisions Plants
*Spores

7. CLADOGRAM Which are more closely related?
Ferns and Liverworts or Ferns and Gymnosperms?

8. Plants have three tissues
Dermal Tissue:
Epidermis:
Thick and waxy/very tough
Protects the outside of the plant to protect from water loss
Contains the stomata
Ground Tissue:
This is the edible part of the plant
Storage of sugar
Supports the plant
Chloroplasts found here
Vascular Tissue: NOT FOUND IN MOSSES, LIVERWORTS OR HORNWORTS
Xylem: Transport water
Phloem: Transports food

9. Photosynthesis

10. 1. Which of the following events indicates that a plant’s reproductive system has successfully carried out its function?
A. a seed forms
B. a flower opens
C. a root system expands
D. A sprout grows to maturity

11. Nonvascular Plants - Bryophytes
Include mosses, Liverworts, and hornworts
Require moist environment/Short
Lack vascular tissues
Reproduce with spores
Sporangia
Hornwort
Moss
Liverwort

12. 1. Even a tiny amount of moisture can support the life of mosses, which are nonvascular plants. Why are mosses good pioneer species? A. They grow very slowly. B. They can survive in wet areas. C. They can create a layer of soil on bare rock over time. D. They can survive in areas that receive low levels of sunlight.
Flash Back: Primary succession Lichens & Mosses.

13. VASCULAR PLANTS

14. Vascular Plants Have vascular tissues = tubes to carry water and food
Seedless plants: Ferns, mosses, etc
Seeded plants: Gymnosperm (naked seeds) and Angiosperm (seed in ovary)
Have vascular tissues = tubes to carry water and food

15. Vascular Tissues

16. Phloem

17. Xylem: Its basic function is to transport water, through the plant.
Nutrients
Phloem: carries sugar and organic nutrients throughout the plant.
FOOD
Cambium

18. Meristem , region of cells capable of division and growth in plants
Cambium -a layer of delicate meristematic tissue between the inner bark or phloem and the wood or xylem.
Meristem , region of cells capable of division and growth in plants

19. Ferns- Pteridophytes (seedless). - Have Vascular tissue
Ferns- Pteridophytes (seedless) - Have Vascular tissue - Reproduce with spores, not seeds

20. Horsetails and Club Mosses

21. Seed Plants A seed is an embryo packaged with food
within a protective coat
Pollen is a package of sperm that can be carried from plant to plant by wind, water, animals, etc.
The flowers contain ovules (eggs) and later develop into a fruit containing the seeds.
Sperm
Pollen

22. Gymnosperms Angiosperms
Seeds, Fruits and Cones
Fruit is a structure of a plant that contains its seeds.
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms

23. Gymnosperms Means “naked seed”
Seeds lack hard covering and are in cones
Includes conifers, pines, ginkgos, cycads, etc.
Female Cone
Male Cone

24. Gymnosperms
Pines
Cycads
Giant Sequoia
Ginkgo

25. Angiosperms “Flowering Plants” Reproduce with seeds in fruits
Most diverse plant group
Extremely useful to humans, supply most of our food and medicine
Angiosperms

26. Angiosperms: Major Structures
Need to know:
Roots
Stems
Leaves
Flowers

27. Angiosperms: Monocots
Grasses, palms, grains, etc.
Single cotlydon (seed leaf)
Flower parts in multiples of 3
Leaf veins parallel
Vascular bundles scattered in stem
Lack tap root

28. Angiosperms: Monocots

29. Angiosperms: Dicots Most familiar plants Two cotlydons (seed leaves)
Flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5
Leaf veins branching
Vascular bundles in stem in rings
Roots develop from central “tap” root

30. Angiosperms -Dicots

31. Monocot VS. Dicot

33. Cell Wall