1. Westward Expansion

2. Warm-Up 1/15/19
What reasons would cause or motivate people to move?

3. America in the 1820s

4. America in 1845
No major Railroads went West
Travel West was extremely long and dangerous – 2-3 Months by land (Native American Resistance)
4-6 Months by boat, All the way around South America

5. Manifest Destiny: Go West
The west was viewed as the great untapped Frontier
Manifest Destiny – The belief that it was America’s mission to expand from ocean to ocean, spreading democracy and freedom
Americans believed it was their God-given duty to conquer the Western territories and unify the Nation

7. The Dawes Act of 1887 Assimilation
Congressman Henry Dawes, author of the act, once expressed his faith in the civilizing power of private property with the claim that to be civilized was to "wear civilized clothes...cultivate the ground, live in houses, ride in Studebaker wagons, send children to school, drink whiskey and own property."

8. The Dawes Act…
Forced Assimilation: Native Americans were forced to give up their land and live like the white settlers.
Attend White Schools
Wear our clothes
Speak English
Do away with tribes
The plan failed and speculators acquired most of the valuable land with Natives receiving land that was often dry and ill-suited for farming.

10. Unlocking the Frontier: Homestead Act
U.S. Government encouraged the settlement of the West
1862 Homestead Act – Millions of acres were given away free in the West to anyone that would claim land and live on it for 5 years
First come first serve basis

11. The Oregon Trail The only way West by land was via the Oregon Trail
2,170 Mile route
Dangerous and Difficult

12. TEXAS REVOLUTION 1836

13. Lone Star Republic
In 1836, Texas declared itself The Lone Star Republic.
Sam Houston was elected president.
Some Americans wanted Texas to be part of the U.S.
Some people were afraid of Texas becoming a slave state, others of war with Mexico.
Both would eventually happen.

14. The MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR: 1846-1848
MANIFEST DESTINY-EXPANDING TO THE WEST

15. Causes Mexico was not happy with Texas annexing to United States
Mexico and United States arguing over the Rio Grande River and Nueces River Boundaries
United States wanted to expand to the West.

16. Treaty Of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Ended the War
It was signed on February 2, 1848.
United States paid 15 million for the following states: California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico and Utah.
The border boundary was the Rio Grande

17. Gadsden Purchase
In 1853, the United States purchased a small strip of land in Arizona and New Mexico.
United States paid 10 million.
This would help with the railroad getting to California

18. Results of the war Over 100 million was spent on the war.
13,780 people were killed.
It helped Americans train in military battle and it was preparation for the Civil War
Zachary “Old Rough and Ready” Taylor becomes President under the Whigs
Zachary Taylor

19. Mormon Migration
What is migration? The movement of humans from one place to another-caused by push and pull factors

20. the group began to call themselves “Saints”
Who is the founder?
Joseph Smith claimed to be prophet
1820–(age 14) claimed his First Vision
1823–(age 17) claimed to find gold plates with religious writings on them near his home from an angel named Moroni
the group began to call themselves “Saints”
enemies began calling them ‘Mormons”
CHURCH WAS SOON FORCED TO MOVE FROM NEW YORK

21. Mormon Battalion
Asked by U.S. President Polk to help support the war with Mexico
Brigham Young agrees
believes this will help relations and fund the trek west
They never fought but marched to California
Were among the first to find Gold at Sutter’s Fort
Most returned to Utah
This is how Polk agreed to eventually make Utah a territory

22. Where did the LDS or “Mormon” church begin??
NOT HERE

23. Wednesday 1/16/19 Draw the map on the next slide.
Label with dates and names.
Color each section different colors.

25. Territorial Expansion of U.S.
1803 Louisiana Purchase
1845 Texas
1848 Mexican-American War: Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, Wyoming, California, Nevada, and Utah
By 1850, America gains the Oregon Territory