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PowerPoint Presentation
Textbook Cover
Publisher The Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Tinley Park, Illinois
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Chapter 1
Fundamentals of Housing
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Chapter 1 Overview
Introduction
Factors Affecting Housing Choices
Location
Climate
Availability
Cost
Taste
Lifestyle
(Continued)
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Chapter 1 Overview
Types of Housing Available
Tract houses
Custom houses
Manufactured houses
Mobile homes
Cooperatives
Condominiums
Rentals
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Objectives
List physical factors outside the house that affect housing choices.
Explain the relationship between lifestyle and housing choices.
Describe the seven main types of housing.
Determine the strengths and weaknesses of different types of housing.
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Introduction
Housing includes all that is within the dwelling and all that surrounds it.
Housing is the creation of a special environment in which people live.
Housing affects the way people feel and act.
The term lifespace is often used to describe housing.
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7. Factors Affecting Housing Choices
These factors must be considered to achieve a functional solution to the housing challenge:
location
climate
availability
cost
taste
lifestyle
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Location
Location refers to the specific placement of the home, such as:
urban, suburban, and rural
seashore, mountain, desert, and so forth
A home should reflect the character of the area.
(Continued)
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A Hillside Home
This house is well suited for a large, open site.
Photo Courtesy of James Hardie® Siding Products
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Location
Most city homes are compact and multilevel structures because lots are small.
Building materials and furnishings can be affected by the location.
A home is part of a neighborhood and should be viewed in that setting.
(Continued)
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A Florida Home
A home in Florida should differ in design and materials from a home in Minnesota.
WCI Communities, Inc.
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A Minnesota Home
This home looks sturdy and warm enough for its Minnesota location.
Photo Courtesy of James Hardie® Siding Products
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Location
Shopping, education, worship, and other facilities should be considered when choosing housing.
Selecting the right neighborhood may be a bigger task than determining the basic requirements for the home.
Remember, a home cannot be separated from its neighborhood.
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Climate
Climate is a major consideration in housing choices.
The choice of the climate automatically affects the choice of housing design.
Northern homes need ample insulation and sloped roofs to reduce snow accumulation.
Desert homes generally have thick masonry walls and wide overhangs.
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A Southwestern Home
This home is designed to provide a comfortable atmosphere in a hot, arid climate.
Red Cedar Shingle and Handsplit Shake Bureau
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A South Florida Home
This south Florida home is particularly suited to a warm, moist climate.
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Availability
Availability of desirable housing in a given area is often limited.
Population shifts do not always coincide with construction patterns.
Availability is often the determining factor in acquiring housing.
Some types of housing offer mobility (motor homes and mobile homes).
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Housing Availability
Apartments help accommodate high demand for available housing in a given area.
Norandex/Reynolds Building Products
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Cost
Cost is a crucial factor in housing choices for almost everyone.
Cost becomes more important as construction prices rise.
Home repairs, taxes, and insurance costs must be considered as well.
Total housing costs reduce affordable choices to the average person.
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Taste
Taste is the sense of what is fitting, harmonious, or beautiful.
Taste preferences change throughout a person’s life.
One aspect of good taste in design is function.
Design that follows personal taste is likely to be pleasing.
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Taste in Design
The pleasing design of this home reflects the personal taste of its occupants.
Georgia Pacific Corporation
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Lifestyle
A household’s lifestyle is related to the values, social status, and activities of its members.
Lifestyle dictates how a home is used, such as for a
place to sleep
bustling center of activities and hobbies
peaceful retreat
site for social gatherings
(Continued)
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Lifestyle
A truly functional lifespace is a logical extension of a household’s lifestyle.
The interior space is described as:
individual space
group space
support space
Homes need all three types, but the amount of each varies with lifestyle.
(Continued)
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Lifestyle
Space should be provided for individual and group activities.
Individual space allows sleeping, dressing, studying, relaxing, and having privacy.
Group space allows family dining, recreation, and conversation.
Support space is needed for preparing food, doing laundry and other tasks, and storing items.
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Individual Space
This individual space is for a younger member of the household.
Manufactured Housing Institute
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Group Space
Group space is necessary for the interaction of two or more people.
Drexel Heritage Furnishings, Inc.
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Support Space
The kitchen is a good example of support space in the home.
Wilsonart
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28. Types of Housing Available
Tract houses
Custom houses
Manufactured houses
Mobile homes
Multifamily dwellings (cooperatives, condominiums, and rental apartments)
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Tract Houses
Tract houses are built by a developer using just a few basic plans. This reduces costs and speeds the work.
Tract houses have several advantages:
The buyer can see the final product.
A firm price can usually be negotiated.
Costs are often less than a custom home.
(Continued)
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Tract Houses
Tract houses also have some disadvantages:
They may be monotonous and have little individuality.
They often look bare and unfinished for a few years until trees and shrubs grow.
Lot sizes are generally small.
The buyer takes a risk, not knowing how successful the development will be.
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Custom Houses
The distinguishing feature of custom houses is they are designed and built for a specific household.
They are different from all other houses.
A custom house costs more per square foot than other types of housing.
They are generally tailored to specific building sites.
(Continued)
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32. An Architect-Designed House
This custom house is compatible with the site, local climate, and the occupants’ lifestyle.
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Custom Houses
A custom house is the dream of most people.
Plans may be designed by an architect or purchased from a publisher and modified to meet family needs.
Designing a functional home requires special skills.
(Continued)
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A Stock Plan
A stock plan can be modified to meet the needs of a prospective homeowner.
Kingsberry Homes
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Custom Houses
Individuals should assess their skills before attempting to design and build a home.
Homeowners should not need to alter activities to fit their custom houses.
The site is an integral part of the whole and should complement the finished structure.
(Continued)
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A Complementary Site
This custom house is well suited to its beach location.
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Custom Houses
The advantages of designing a custom house include:
an exhilarating experience
savings in labor charges
the satisfaction of having a home built to personal specifications
(Continued)
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Custom Houses
The disadvantages of designing and building a custom house include:
a process that is very complicated
a need for much patience and hard work
difficulty in getting a loan for an owner-built house
codes that may require a licensed contractor to perform certain tasks
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Manufactured Houses
Manufactured houses are available in several forms and degrees of completion, including:
modular components
prefabs
kit houses
precuts
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Manufactured Houses
Manufactured houses may include preassembled modular components such as:
roof panels
floor panels
wall sections
kitchens
baths
(Continued)
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41. A House Being Manufactured
Standard modular components were used to assemble this manufactured house.
Manufactured Housing Institute
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Manufactured Houses
Some houses are almost complete when they leave the factory.
Others such as prefab houses are delivered as large panels ready for erection on the site.
Kit houses are also available for factory models.
(Continued)
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43. A Factory-Built Module
A factory-built module is placed on the foundation with a large crane.
Manufactured Housing Institute
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Manufactured Houses
Today’s manufactured houses are well-constructed and incorporate good design.
Advantages include lower costs, reduced time in building, and higher quality.
Disadvantages include a limited selection and problems with large modules.
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A Precut Model
This home used factory precuts, which are packaged components cut to size for a plan.
Photo courtesy of Lindal Cedar Homes, Inc., Seattle, WA
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A Manufactured House
This manufactured house has the look of a custom house.
Manufactured Housing Institute
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Mobile Homes
Mobile homes, designed to be movable, are constructed on frames having wheels for towing.
Two or more units may be joined together.
A permanent or temporary foundation may be used.
(Continued)
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A Mobile Home
Mobile homes make efficient use of space and generally are very economical.
Manufactured Housing Institute
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Mobile Homes
Advantages include economy, mobile-home park services, movability, and a “move-in” condition (with appliances, carpeting, and other amenities provided).
Disadvantages include rapid depreciation, social stigma, and high fees for moving, which can only be done by professionals.
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Cooperatives
A cooperative refers to a type of ownership, not a type of building.
The management is run as a corporation.
Buyers purchase stock in the corporation, and as owners, determine how the coop is run.
(Continued)
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A Cooperative
A cooperative combines the advantages of home ownership and the convenience of apartment living.
Photo Courtesy of James Hardie® Siding Products
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Cooperatives
A buyer receives a lease to an apartment, but does not pay rent.
The buyer does, however, pay a monthly fee for taxes and maintenance.
Residents vote on potential buyers.
Wishes of the total group prevail.
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Condominiums
The owner of a condominium buys the apartment and a share of the common ground.
The owner pays taxes as though it were a separate house.
Owners have joint interest in all shared property and facilities (hallways, laundry areas, parking lots, swimming pools).
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A Typical Condominium
Common property is maintained with money collected from monthly assessments.
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Condominiums
An owner may sell a condo unit without consent of other owners.
Owners cast votes proportional to the original value of their units.
A condominium complex may include a mixture of apartments, townhouses, and duplexes.
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Rentals
Apartments are the most common rentals.
Rental apartments generally require low initial expense and upkeep effort.
They address a variety of lifestyles and are readily available.
Choices of apartment styles, size, price range, and facilities are unlimited.
(Continued)
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Rental Apartments
Rental apartments are often located near shopping, recreation, and transportation.
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Rentals
Disadvantages of rentals relate mostly to lack of control over the living space.
Renters have little voice in how the building is managed or maintained.
Neighbors may move so frequently that no neighborhood spirit develops.
Rent payments do not result in equity.
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Glossary
condominium
Dwelling wherein the owner buys an apartment and a share of the common ground.
cooperative
A dwelling that is managed and run as a corporation.
custom houses
Houses that are designed and built to meet the needs of specific households.
housing
The structural dwelling, its contents, and its surroundings.
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Glossary
kit houses
Factory models of houses available in kits.
manufactured houses
Types of houses that are produced in a factory, shipped to the site, and put into place with a crane.
precuts
Packaged materials used to build a house that are already cut to size for a customer’s plan.
prefab housing
Housing units delivered as preassembled panels ready for erecting on the site.
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Glossary
tract houses
Several houses built from a few basic plans on a tract of land that has been divided into lots.
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