1. Review protein synthesis

2. Genetics Vocab Notes
Cornell notes – easy to read, organized, use different colors/highlighter for key terms, pg 3 studying
Questions or Main ideas (6)
Summary – 3-4 sentences or bulleted statements

4. Genetics
The study of heredity, how traits (characteristics) are passed down from one generation to the next
Gene – sequence of DNA that codes for a protein & thus determines a trait

5. Chromosome
Supercoils
Coils
Nucleosome
Histones/proteins
DNA
double
helix

6. Karyotype
A picture or display of all the pairs of chromosomes in numerical order based on size & shape

7. Homologous chromosomes
Chromosomes that pair up and have the same genes, are the same size and shape.
One from mother & one from father.

8. Autosomes Contain genes for all traits except for sex
Chromosome pairs

9. Sex Chromosomes Chromosome pair #23 XX – 2X’s will make female
XY – will make male

11. STOP

12. Chromosome
Supercoils
Coils
Nucleosome
Histones/proteins
DNA
double
helix

13. Alleles Different forms of the same gene for a specific trait.
Ex. Trait – eye color
Alleles – blue, brown, green

14. Recessive An allele only expressed with another recessive.
Written as a small letter.

15. Dominant An allele that is fully expressed over a recessive
Written as a capital letter

16. Phenotype Outward (physical) appearance of the alleles
Ex. Blue eyes, tallness, being colorblind

17. Genotype
The genetic makeup (gene combination) of an organism

18. Homozygous Having 2 identical alleles for a specific trait Purebred
Can be dominant or recessive

19. Heterozygous Having 2 different alleles for a specific trait
Hybrid or carrier

20. Patterns of Inheritance – 6 types
1. Dominant
2. Recessive

21. 3. Codominance
Two different alleles of the same trait are fully expressed
Ex: Human blood types - A, B, AB, O
Alleles: IA, IB, i
A & B - codominant
i - recessive (ii=type O blood)

22. IA IA or IAi A IB IB or IBi B IA IB A and B AB ii none O
Genotypes
Surface Proteins
Phenotypes
IA IA or IAi A
IB IB or IBi B
IA IB
A and B AB ii
none O

23. What is the genotypic ratio of a child that mom is IB i and a father
With a phenotype of AB?

24. One parent is blood type A and the other is blood type B
One parent is blood type A and the other is blood type B. What are the genotypes of the parents if they only have the probability of producing a child ¼ AB?

25. WHO THE DADDY?! Mom is A and her son is B
1. Blood type O blood type A Blood type B

26. Exblack and white feathered chicken.

27. 4. Incomplete Dominance
Two different alleles of same trait combine (BLEND) to form a new allele
Ex: Colors in flowers, red + whitepink

29. 5. Polygenic traits
Trait produced from many alleles on more than one chromosome
Ex. Hair color, skin color, eye color, height

30. 6. Sex linked traits
Traits carried on the sex chromosomes (mostly the x chromosome)
Ex. Colorblind, hemophilia
Summary – 3-4 sentences or bulleted statements