1. The Rise of Dictators and the War Begins
WWII
The Rise of Dictators and the War Begins
Chapter 13 Sections 1 & 2

2. Causes of WW II The Rise of dictators New ideas about government
The Great Depression
WW I and the failure of the Treaty of Versailles

4. Dictatorship in Italy Benito Mussolini Fascism: Extreme Nationalism
Strong government
Wants to control Mediterranean Sea
Invades North Africa/Ethiopia
AXIS POWER

5. Dictatorship in Germany
Adolf Hitler
Nazism
Advocates extreme nationalism
State control of industry
Superior Aryan race
Expand German territory & control Europe
AXIS POWER

6. Dictatorship In Japan Led by Military Extreme Nationalism
Aggressive military
Overpopulation & in need of natural resources
Invades Manchuria, China
Rich in natural resources
Wants Pacific Empire
AXIS POWER

7. Dictatorship In Russia
Josef Stalin
Communism
One party rule
No private property
Crush opposition
Signs Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
Agree not to invade each other
Germany eventually violates
Semi-neutral
than Allied Power

8. Allied Powers in War Britain France Poland
June 1941: Soviet Union/Russia
December 1941: United States
And the green countries (Make sure you memorize them all!)

9. WW II Aggression 1931: Japan invades Manchuria
1935: 1. Hitler denounced the Versailles Treaty & the League of Nations [re-arming!] Mussolini attacks Ethiopia.
1936: German troops sent into the Rhineland.
1937: Japan invades China

10. WW II Aggression Continued
1938: 1. Austrian Anschluss – reunification with Germany Rome-Berlin Tokyo Pact [AXIS] Munich Agreement  APPEASEMENT! Gave Hitler Sudetenland, Czech
1939: 1. German troops march into the rest of Czechoslovakia Hitler-Stalin Non-Aggression Pact.
September 1, 1939: German troops march into Poland  blitzkrieg WW II begins!!!

11. Foreign Policy Tensions in U.S.
Internationalism
Neutrality
Trade prevents war with prosperity
FDR’s philosophy
U.S. should try to create peace
Isolationism
Nye Committee: Only reason for war is for arms industry to make money
Support Neutrality Acts

12. Neutrality Acts: 1935, 1936, 1937
During a foreign war, trade restrictions would apply:
Prohibited sales of arms to warring nations.
Prohibited loans and credits to warring nations.
Forbade Americans to travel on vessels of nations at war
Non-military goods must be purchased on a “cash-and-carry” basis  pay when goods are picked up.
Banned involvement in the Spanish Civil War.

13. US Neutrality

14. 1939 Neutrality Act Results of the 1939 Neutrality Act:
In response to Germany’s invasion of Poland.
FDR persuades Congress in special session to allow the US to aid European democracies in a limited way:
The US could sell weapons to the European democracies on a “cash-and-carry” basis.
FDR was authorized to proclaim danger zones which US ships and citizens could not enter.
Results of the 1939 Neutrality Act:
Aggressors could not send ships to buy US munitions.
The US economy improved as European demands for war goods helped bring the country out of the recession.
America becomes the “Arsenal of Democracy.”