1. Chapter 8.3 – Solubility and Concentration
insoluble – does not dissolve in a solvent soluble – dissolves in a solvent solubility – maximum mass of a solute that can dissolve in 100 g of a solvent at a certain temperature and pressure

2. Chapter 8.3 – Solubility and Concentration
different substances have different solubilities
solubility depends on the strength of forces between solute particles and between solute and solvent particles
weak solution –
only a small amount of solute is dissolved, has a low solubility solute
strong solution –
a large amount of solute is dissolved, has a high solubility

3. Chapter 8.3 – Solubility and Concentration
concentration – quantity of solute dissolved in a given volume of solution dilute solution – solution in which a small amount of solute is dissolved concentrated solution – solution in which a large amount of solute is dissolved

4. Chapter 8.3 – Solubility and Concentration
saturated solution –
solution in which the maximum amount of solute is dissolved under given conditions
the dissolved solute is in equilibrium with undissolved solute
the substance dissolves and crystalizes at the same rate
unsaturated solution –
solution that contains less than the maximum amount of solute and can dissolve additional solute

5. Chapter 8.3 – Solubility and Concentration
supersaturated solution –
solution that holds more dissolved solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature
created by cooling a saturated solution without allowing a crystal to form

6. Chapter 8.3 – Solubility and Concentration
the solubility of a gas depends on 2 things
temperature –
the lower the temperature, the more gas that can dissolve
pressure –
the higher the pressure, the more gas that can dissolve

7. Chapter 8.3 – Solubility and Concentration
molarity – concentration unit of a solution expressed in moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution molarity = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 units: M = 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿

8. Chapter 8.3 – Solubility and Concentration
Find the molarity of 2.4 mol dissolved in 3.0 L. Find the molarity of 4.8 mol dissolved in 3.5 L. Find the molarity of 4.5 mol dissolved in 8.1 L.

9. Chapter 8.3 – Solubility and Concentration
Find the molarity of 75.3 g of CaCl2 dissolved in 678 mL. Find the molarity of 238 g of LiClO3 dissolved in 796 mL.

10. Chapter 8.3 – Solubility and Concentration
Find the number of moles of solute in 10.0 L of 1.5 M solution. Find the number of moles of solute in 4.9 L of 7.6 M solution.

11. Chapter 8.3 – Solubility and Concentration
Find the volume of a 8.3 M solution that has 4.6 mol dissolved. Find the volume of a 0.69 M solution that has 0.47 mol dissolved.