1. Chapter 10:The Federalist Era 1789-1800
Lesson 2: Early Challenges

2. Section 2-Polling Question
Do you think it is right for the U.S. government to use force to keep order?
A. Yes, always
B. Yes, under certain circumstances
C. No, never A B C

3. Essential Question
What challenges did the United States face during Washington’s administration?
What challenges did the United States face during Washington’s administration?
Whiskey Rebellion
Securing the Trans-Appalachian West
French Revolution

4. The Whiskey Rebellion
Part of Hamilton’s financial plan was a tax on whiskey
1794
Tax on whiskey angered frontier farmers
Farmers also had trouble taking their crops to market because of bad roads
They decided to make their grain into whiskey

5. More of the Whiskey Rebellion
Whiskey would be easier to carry
They often used whiskey like money to buy salt, sugar, nails, and ammunition
Did not have money to pay taxes
The whiskey tax seemed as unfair as British taxes had been
Some feared more taxes would follow

6. Results of the Whiskey Rebellion
Farmers in western Pennsylvania refused to pay the tax
Farmers took up arms and chased away the tax collectors
Hamilton convinced Washington that troops should be sent to put down the rebellion
13,000 soldiers went into western Pennsylvania
The rebels fled before a fight
Showed that the National Government had the power and will to enforce laws

7. The Whiskey Rebellion
Revolt caused by farmers/whiskey producers angry about the tax on whiskey
Revolt put down by Washington
Shows the strength of the new Constitution

8. Struggle Over the West
Washington worried about European ambitions for the Northwest Territory
Washington signed treaties with the Indians
He hoped that this would lessen the influence of the British and Spanish on them
American settlers ignored the treaties and moved onto Indian land
Fighting soon broke out

9. Washington Sends an Army
Washington sends in General Arthur St. Clair
He was to restore order in the Northwest Territory
November 1791, St. Clair’s forces were defeated by Little Turtle, chief of the Miami people
More than 600 American soldiers died in the battle by the Wabash River

10. Alliance With France?
Many believed an alliance with France would help them defeat the British, Spanish, and Indians in the West
The possibility of French involvement prompted Britain to take action in the West
The British urged Indians to destroy American settlements west of the Appalachians
The British began building a new fort in Ohio

11. More Fighting
The Native Americans demanded that all settlers north of the Ohio River leave the territory
Washington sent another army under Anthony Wayne
2,000 Indian troops planned to ambush Wayne’s smaller force
Wayne’s troops moved closer to Fort Miami

12. The Battle of Fallen Timbers
Wayne knew that it was an Indian custom not to eat before battle
The warriors waited three days for Wayne’s force
Grew weaker and hungrier
Wayne soundly defeated the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers

13. After the Battle of Fallen Timbers
Indians fled to Fort Miami
British closed the gate on them
British would not help them
Battle of Fallen Timbers crushed the Indians’ hope of keeping their land
Indians signed the Treaty of Greenville- agreeing to surrender their homelands in what is now Ohio

14. The French are Revolting!
Split between the Feds and DRs
Split within the government
Hamilton – opposes supporting the revolutionaries
Jefferson – wants
support for the
revolutionaries

15. Problems with Europe
Many Americans cheered the French Revolution, but it soon grew bloody
France and Britain went to war and Washington hoped to maintain neutrality
The French sent diplomat Edmund Genet to recruit American volunteers
Washington then issued a Proclamation of Neutrality
French and British warships were also barred from American ports

16. The Proclamation of Neutrality (1793)
Authored by Hamilton
Issued by Washington
Led to the precedent of
non-involvement and
neutrality in foreign affairs

17. More Problems with the British
Impressment of American sailors;
Seizure of American ships and cargo; act of war by the British

18. The British Fight Back
British warships captured American ships that traded with France
The British forced American sailors to join the British navy (impressment)
Washington sent John Jay to negotiate peace with Britain, and Jay’s Treaty was signed
Britain agreed to leave American soil
It said nothing about the impressment or British interference in trade

19. A B C D Jay’s Treaty was an agreement with what country? A. Spain
Section 2
Jay’s Treaty was an agreement with what country?
A. Spain
B. France
C. Britain
D. Russia A B C D

20. Treaty With Spain
Spain feared the US and Britain would work together against them in North America
Thomas Pickney was sent to Spain to settle the differences
1795- Pickney’s Treaty gave the Americans free navigation of the Mississippi River and the right to trade at New Orleans

21. Washington’s Farewell
After two terms
In his farewell he attacked political parties
Also attacked the involvement in foreign affairs
“Observe good faith and justice toward all nations…”
“It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances”
These words influenced the nation’s foreign policy for more than 100 years

22. The Retirement of George Washington
Precedents set:
Two term tradition
Use of the Cabinet
Neutrality in foreign matters

23. Securing the Trans-Appalachian West French Revolution
What challenges did the United States face during Washington’s administration?
Essential Question
What challenges did the United States face during Washington’s administration?
Whiskey Rebellion
Securing the Trans-Appalachian West
French Revolution

24. Chapter 8 Section 2 Quiz

25. During the Whiskey Rebellion, farmers peacefully protested a special tax.
True
False

26. Washington served three terms as president.
True
False

27. Alexander Hamilton's taxes led to rebellion in
the Oregon country.
western Pennsylvania.
Virginia.
Boston.

28. French and British warships were barred from American ports by the
Declaration of War.
Treaty of Britain.
Treaty of Paris.
Proclamation of Neutrality.

29. What did George Washington consider a grave danger to the new nation?
settlers moving west
national taxes
growth of political parties
France's influence

30. Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3
Participant 1
Participant 2
Participant 3
Participant 4
Participant 5

31. Team Scores
Team 1
Team 2
Team 3
Team 4
Team 5